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Acta Botanica Gallica
Botany Letters
Volume 159, 2012 - Issue 1
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Articles

Fatty acid and sterol oil composition of four Tunisian ecotypes of Ziziphus zizyphus (L.) H.Karst

Composition en acides gras et stérols de quatre écotypes tunisiens de Ziziphus zyzyphus (L.) H.Karst

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Pages 25-31 | Published online: 30 May 2012
 

Abstract

Oils isolated from seeds of Ziziphus zizyphus (L.) H. Karst. were investigated by capillary gas chromatography. A comparison of four Tunisian ecotypes (Sfax, Choutrana, Mahres and Mahdia) shows that they differ only in the quantitative composition, while the qualitative profiles are similar. Ten fatty acids are identified from seed oils. The qualitative study shows that oleic acid is the major compound in Sfax and Mahdia ecotypes seed oils. The ecotype of Choutrana is rich in linoleic acid. Unsaturated fatty acids ranged from 40.4% to 44.4% of the total fatty acids for each ecotype. The ratio of the poly-unsaturated/saturated (P/S) varied from 9.6 to 10.1 in all ecotypes. Five major sterols have been identified. The β-sitosterol is the prominent component in all the ecotypes and the highest level is found in the Sfax ecotype. Stigmasterol is more abundant in Sfax and Choutrana ecotypes. Campesterol is important in Choutrana seeds.

Résumé

L’analyse par chromatographie en phase gazeuse des huiles extraites de graines de Ziziphus zizyphus montre une variation quantitative entre les quatre écotypes tunisiens (Sfax, Choutrana, Mahres et Mahdia). L’acide oléique est majoritaire chez les écotypes Sfax et Mahdia. L’écotype Mahres présente le pourcentage le plus faible. L’acide linoléique (Oméga-6) a été reconnu comme composant majoritaire dans les graines de l’écotype de Choutrana. Les taux des acides gras insaturés varie de 40,4% à 44,4% pour chaque écotype. Le rapport des acides poly-insaturés/saturés (P/S) varie de 9,6 à 10,1 dans tous les écotypes. Cinq stérols principaux ont été identifiés au sein de chaque écotype, dont le β-sitostérol dominant chez l’écotype Sfax. Le stigmastérol est le principal stérol chez les écotypes Sfax et Choutrana. Le campestérol est important dans les graines de Choutrana.

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