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Original Articles

Prospection semi-probabiliste de l'arbre de ruine d'une structure existante

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Pages 435-445 | Published online: 04 Oct 2011
 

ABSTRACT

Large civil engineering structures, designed few decades ago, are actually submitted to complex studies from operators and certification authorities. The concept of structural integrity is the aim of the process for structural assessment. Effects of structural scale, uncertainty on material properties lead to state the importance of a probabilistic approach for the modelling and the parameters estimation. Offshore sector is asked for the reassessment of structures since the beginning of the 90's and has developed to this aim several aid-tools. The most useful is the fault-tree built following a deterministic scheme or a reliability analysis of fault scenario. Since this computation are numerical codes dependent, complementary scheme are to be developed to give the most complete information on the structural integrity. This paper proposes an iterative building of fault-tree based on a semi-probabilistic analysis of the structural integrity.

RÉSUMÉ

Les grands ouvrages de génie civil conçus il y a plusieurs décennies font l'objet d'études particulièrement complexes de la part de l'opérateur en charge de leur maintenance et des organismes de certification. La notion d'intégrité structurelle est au cœur du processus d'évaluation de leur état. L'effet d'échelle des ouvrages et le vieillissement de leurs matériaux constitutifs imposent une approche probabiliste, tant au niveau de la modélisation que de l'estimation des paramètres. Le secteur offshore, confronté à cette problématique depuis le début des années 1990, appuie ses décisions sur l'analyse d'arbres de ruine. Cet article propose une alternative semi-probabiliste à la construction de tels arbres fondée habituellement soit sur des critères purement déterministes, soit sur une analyse en fiabilité de la structure.

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