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ABSTRACT
Initiation of embryogenic culture in grapevines is highly dependent on the species. Two parallel pathways of plant regeneration via repetitive embryogenesis are reported in Vitis Rupestris, S. (Rupestris du Lot cv.) and Vitis vinifera, L. (seedless genotypes). A protocol for induction of somatic embryogenesis from grapevine leaf tissue was developed for rootstock Rupestris du Lot cv. The primary embryogenic structures were established from callus culture induced on modified NN (14, 8) medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 2,4D and 2 mg/l BAP. Repetitive embryogenesis was carried out by subculturing on the inositol free 1/2 MS (13) medium contained vitamins of Morel and Wetmore (11) and 1 mg/l NOA and 0,2 mg/l BAP every 40 days. Embryogenic lines from immature zygotic embryos of seedless grapes were established on the base of the protocol reported from Tsolova and Atanassov (17). Embryogenic culture was maintained by regularly subculturing on modified NN (14, 17) medium. Embryo germination and plantlets regeneration occurred after transfer on hormone free regeneration medium. Secondary embryogenesis and dedifferentiation/differentiation system of primary embryos in culture was utilized for retaining its embryogenic capacity.