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ABSTRACT
The importance of p53 mutations in the pathogenesis of lung cancer is well established, but it is still controversial whether the presence of p53 mutations or overexpression of P53 protein are of clinical significance. The aim of this study was to define the levels of expression of p53 mRNA in tumor, lymph nodes and peripheral blood of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, detected by relative quantification real-time PCR and to analyze the association with clinicopathological data. We applied real-time PCR to define the levels of expression of p53 mRNA in tumor, lymph nodes and blood of 25 patients with non-small cell lung cancer, which underwent an operation at the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the University Hospital for Pulmonary Diseases in Sofia. As a control group 25 healthy volunteers were used. The method of relative quantification was applied for the analysis. We detected a high expression of p53 mRNA in 90.9% of the tumors and in 73.7% of the lymph nodes. A trend for a correlation between the high levels of p53 expression in the tumor and lymph nodes was also established (p<0.19). We did not find any correlation between p53 expression in tumor tissue and peripheral blood.
The expression analysis of p53 messenger RNA, detected by real-time PCR, can supplement the knowledge of p53 as a biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis and pathogenesis. The method is more sensitive than the currently used methods for p53 expression analysis and thus provides opportunities for a more accurate clinical application of molecular markers.