Fish imports as an environmental policy

Abstract

Although Total Allowable Catch (TAC) system has not been successful in management of fisheries, fish imports have shown features of an environmental-friendly policy. Imports emerge as a significant tool to improve fish productivity through biodiversity conservation and induce the use of less capital intensive technology. Conversely, TAC system harms biodiversity leading to increased capital effort and reduced catch levels. Another interesting finding is the existence of an Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC)-type relationship between per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and fish catch. As development proceeds, propensity to import increases, having favourable impact on biodiversity through reduced fish production.