https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9965-3903
![Sample our Politics & International Relations journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5947/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Politics-International-Relations.jpg"})
ABSTRACT
By content-coding 40 parliamentary group speeches of the major Turkish parties over a period of 4 years, we show that existing measures of populism should include two more categories in order to understand the populist communication strategies of the Turkish political parties. The first category is “discursive religious symbolism” which is included in the thin populism dimension. The other is “foreign policy populism” which is included in the thick populism dimension. Our results show that the inclusion of these new categories is crucial for our understanding of populist communication styles in Turkish politics. The results also indicate that both discursive religious symbolism and foreign policy populism plays a crucial role in the resilience of the incumbent Justice and Development Party.
KEYWORDS:
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Notes
1 McKernan. “From Reformer to ‘New Sultan’.”
2 Jagers and walgrave, “Populism as Political Communication.”
3 Yabancı and Taleski “Co-opting Religion: How Ruling.”
4 Also see: Elci, “The Rise of Populism in Turkey: a Content Analysis.”
5 Panizza, “Neopopulism and its Limits,” 180.
6 Taggart, “Populism and Representative Politics.”
7 Albertazzi and McDonnell, Populists in Power; Batory, “Populists in Government”; Chesterley and Roberti, “Populism and Institutional”; Hawkins, “Responding to Radical”; Stanley, “Confrontation by Default”; Yabancı, “Populism as the Problem.”
8 Akkerman and de Lange, “Radical Right Parties”; Deschouwer, New Parties in Government; Heinisch, “Success in Opposition-Failure”; Yabancı, “Populism as the Problem.”
9 Rogenhofer and Panievsky, “Antidemocratic Populism,” 1394.
10 Mudde, “The Populist Zeitgeist.”
11 Canovan, Populism; Wievorka, “Racism and Modernity”; Taguieff, “Political Science Confronts”; Taggart, Populism; Elchardus, “Classical Republicanism”; Mény and Surel, “The Constitutive Ambiguity”; Mudde, “The Populist Zeitgeist”; Abts and Rummens, “Populism versus.”
12 Jagers, “The Voice.”
13 Weyland, “Clarifying a Contested Concept.”
14 Urbinati, “Political Theory of Populism.”
15 Mudde “The Populist Zeitgeist”; Stanley, “The Thin Ideology.”
16 Pauwels, “Measuring Populism.”
17 Mudde “The Populist Zeitgeist,” 543.
18 Taguieff, “L’illusion Populiste.”
19 Canovan, The People, 5.
20 Moffit, The Global Rise.
21 Moffit and Tormey, “Rethinking Populism.”
22 Moffit, The Global Rise.
23 Ostiguy, “Populism: a Socio-Cultural.”
24 Eligür, The Mobilization of Political.
25 Ibid.
26 Bulut and Yıldırım, “Political Institutions and Policymaking”; Kalaycıoğlu, “Turkish Democracy: Patronage.”
27 Kalaycıoğlu, “Turkish Democracy: Patronage.”
28 Ibid., 64.
29 Eligür, The Mobilization of Political.
30 Kalaycıoğlu, “Turkish Democracy: Patronage.”
31 Mardin, “Center Periphery Relations.”
32 Kalaycioglu, “Elections and Party Preferences.”
33 Ibid.
34 Eligür, The Mobilization of Political.
35 Aytaç, Erdem and Ezgi, “Populism in Turkey.”
36 Bulut, “Measuring Political Agenda”; Bulut, “How Clientelistic Parties.”
37 Aytaç, Erdem and Ezgi, “Populism in Turkey,” 89.
38 Yabancı, “Populism as the Problem.”
39 Kalaycıoğlu, “Turkish Democracy: Patronage.”
40 DeHanas and Shterin, “Religion and the Rise.”
41 Roy, “The French National Front.”
42 Roy, “Beyond Populism,” 186.
43 Ibid.
44 Hadiz, “A New Islamic Populism.”
45 Ibid., 125.
46 Yabancı and Taleski, “Co-opting Religion: How Ruling.”
47 Ibid., 283.
48 Yabancı and Taleski, “Co-opting Religion: How Ruling.”
49 Ibid.
50 Sözen, “Turkey between Tutelary.”
51 Özpek, “The State’s Changing Role,” 35.
52 Murinson, “The Strategic Depth Doctrine.”
53 Çelik and Balta, “Explaining the Micro Dynamics”; Özpek and Yaşar, “Populism and Foreign.”
54 Whitten and Palmer, “Cross-national Analyses”; Duch and Stevenson, The Economic Vote.
55 Hobolt, Tilley and Banducci, “Clarity of Responsibility.”
56 Tavits, “Clarity of Responsibility and Corruption.”
57 Ibid.
58 Ibid.
59 Moffit, The Global Rise.
60 Jagers and Walgrave, “Populism as Political,” 321.
61 Ibid.
62 Ibid., 322.
63 Ibid.
64 Taggart, “Populism and Representative Politics”; Yabancı, “Populism as the Problem.”
65 Egin “The Silence of Surrender.”
66 Ibid.
67 Apnews, A look at Turkey’s Post-Coup Crackdown.
68 Chryssogelos, “Transnational European Party.”
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Alper T. Bulut
Alper T. Bulut is an Associate Professor in the Department of International Relations at Karadeniz Technical University. His work has been published or is forthcoming in journals such as Comparative Politics, Electoral Studies, Party Politics, Political Research Quarterly, and Parliamentary Affairs.
Nurhan Hacıoğlu
Nurhan Hacıoğlu is a PhD candidate in the Department of International Relations at Karadeniz Technical University. Her work has been published in Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences.