What is the right way in East–Central Europe? Concluding remarks

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Notes

A. Bozóki and J.T. Ishiyama (eds.), The Communist Successor Parties of Central and Eastern Europe (Armonk, NY: Sharpe, 2002), pp.422–4.

H. Kitschelt, Z. Mansfeldova, R. Markowski and G. Tóka, Post-Communist Party Systems: Competition, Representation, and Inter-Party Cooperation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), pp.383–9.

R. Markowski, ‘The Polish SLD in the 1990s: From Opposition to Incumbents and Back’, in Bozóki and Ishiyama, p.81.

S. Birch, F. Millard, M. Popescu and K. Williams, Embodying Democracy: Electoral System Design in Post-Communist Europe (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2002), p.178.

R. Taagepera, ‘How Electoral Systems Matter for Democratization’, Democratization, Vol.5, No.3 (1998), p.86.

Angelo Panebianco, Political Parties: Organization and Power (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988).

P.G. Lewis, ‘Political Institutionalisation and Party Development in Post-communist Poland’, Europe–Asia Studies, Vol.46, No.5 (1994), pp.779–99.

Z. Enyedi, ‘Organizing a Subcultural Party in Eastern Europe: The Case of the Hungarian Christian Democrats’, Party Politics, Vol.2, No.3 (1996), pp.377–96.

I. van Biezen, Political Parties in New Democracies: Party Organization in Southern and Eastern and Central Europe (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2003), pp.214–17.

I. van Biezen, ‘On the Internal Balance of Party Power: Party Organizations in New Democracies’, Party Politics, Vol.6, No.4 (2000), p.410.

P.G. Lewis, ‘Recent Evolutions of European Parties East and West: Towards Cartelization?’, Central European Political Science Review, Vol.3, No.8 (2002), pp.16–17.

R.F. Leslie (ed.), The History of Poland Since 1863 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980), p.166.

Lewis, ‘Political Institutionalization and Party Development’, pp.785, 791–2.

R.A. Dahl, Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1971); see also R. Grew, ‘Crises and Their Sequences’, in R. Grew (ed.), Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1978), pp.3–39.

J. Simon, ‘Electoral Systems and Regime Change in Central and Eastern Europe, 1990–1994’, Representation, Vol.35, Nos 2/3 (1998), pp.122–36.

D. Perkins, ‘Structure and Choice: The Role of Organizations, Patronage and the Media in Party Formation’, Party Politics, Vol.2, No.3 (1996), pp.355–75.

S.M. Lipset and S. Rokkan (eds.), Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-National Perspectives (New York: Free Press, 1967).

Markowski, p. 52.