Anti-Mullerian hormone and cardiometabolic status: a systematic review

Abstract

Background

To summarise the relationship between Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels and cardiometabolic status in different populations.

Methods

PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched for retrieving observational studies published up to February 2022 investigating the relationship between AMH level and cardiometabolic status.

Results

Of 3,643 studies retrieved from databases, a total of 37 observational studies were included in this review. The majority of the included studies revealed an inverse association between AMH and lipid profiles, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and a positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein (HDL). While some studies have revealed a significant inverse association between AMH and glycemic parameters, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR, others found no such relationships. There is also an inconsistency among studies regarding the association of AMH with adiposity indices and blood pressure. Evidence indicates a significant association between AMH and some vascular markers, such as intima-media thickness and coronary artery calcification. Of 3 studies evaluating the relationship between AMH and cardiovascular events, two studies showed an inverse relationship between AMH levels and cardiovascular (CVD), whereas another study showed no significant association.

Conclusions

The results of this systematic review suggest that serum AMH levels can be associated with CVD risk. This may provide new insight into the use of AMH concentrations as a predictive marker for assessing the risk of cardiovascular disease, although more well-design longitudinal studies are still necessary for this area. Future studies on this topic will hopefully provide an opportunity to run a meta-analysis; it will increase the persuasiveness of this interpretation.

Keywords:

• Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH)
• cardiovascular disease (CVD)
• cardiometabolic

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences for approval of this project as a research project.

Availability of data and materials

Not Applicable.

Author contributions

A.F. contributed to the literature search, quality assessment, study selection, data extraction, critical discussion, and manuscript drafting. F.R.T. was involved in study design, quality assessment, interpreting data, critical discussion, and revising the manuscript. M.R. contribute to quality assessment, critical discussion, and manuscript drafting. F.M. contributed to the investigation. M.A. was involved in study design, supervision, quality assessment, study selection, manuscript drafting, critical discussion, and revising the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Disclosure statement

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Additional information

Funding

None.