Chain Reactions in the Locomotor System in the Light of Co-Activation Patterns Based on Developmental Neurology

Summary

Unlike pathological changes, changes in function of the locomotor system cannot be pinpointed to one site: they affect the locomotor system as a whole. Hence, while being reversible, they are difficult to understand and to treat. Disturbance of function takes the form of chains of lesions affecting muscles, joints and soft tissues under the control of the motor system. The common denominator of these chains is disturbance of the co-activation patterns of antagonists essential for the maintenance of erect human posture.

6 typical chains are described: that of imbalance of mainly tonic and phasic muscles, the chain of trigger points (TrPs) due to chronic nociception, the chains corresponding to disturbed “basic functions” like gait, body statics, respiration, gripping function and food intake, Brügger’s chain which is characteristic for the bent sitting position, the forward drawn position when standing and finally the chain due to disturbed spinal stability. Analysis and understanding of these chains enables us to find the relevant links for treatment and rehabilitation, making the management of patients more rational and effective.

Key words::

• Co-activation patterns
• chain reactions
• trigger points
• muscular imbalance
• erect posture