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Original Articles

Populism and representative politics in contemporary Europe

Pages 269-288 | Published online: 06 Aug 2006
 

Abstract

In this paper I apply the definition of populism that I laid out in P. Taggart, Populism (Buckingham: Open University Press, 2000) and argue that recent developments in Europe provide a fertile ground for the emergence of populism. Europe is taken to in its widest sense to include the European Union as well as the ‘wider Europe’. The argument of the paper is that populism will emerge (and has already appeared) in many different forms and will appear as a series of fractured instances. Combined with the self‐limiting effects of populism this means that populism will not amount to a wider ‘European’ force but its appearance does highlight dilemmas of representative politics in Europe.

Notes

This article is based on a paper presented at the Biannual Conference of the European Union Studies Association, Nashville Tennessee, March 2003. The author would like to thank the organisers of the panel at that conference, Catherine Fieschi and Erik Jones as well as the discussant Mitchell P. Smith for useful comments on the paper.

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H.‐G. Betz and S. Immerfall (Eds), New politics of the Right: Neo‐populist Parties and Movements in Established Democracies (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1998); P. Taggart, ‘New populist parties in Western Europe’, West European Politics, 18, 1 (1995), pp. 34–51.

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It is notable that a key work in the comparative study of populism actually contains relatively little by way of synthesis of the wealth of contextual material that it provides: G. Ionescu and E. Gellner (Eds), Populism: Its Meaning and National Characteristics (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1969). Cf. I. Berlin, R. Hofstader, R., MacRae, D., Scharpio, L., Seton‐Watson, H., Touraine, A., Venturi, F., Walicki, A., Worsely, P. et al., ‘To define populism’, Government and Opposition, 3 (1968), pp. 137–179.

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Canovan, ibid., p. 104.

Ibid., p.109.

Ibid., p. 133.

Ibid., p. 136.

Ibid., p. 202.

Ibid., p. 229.

Ibid., pp. 269–273.

Ibid., pp. 291–292.

Ibid., p. 264.

Ibid., p. 298.

For a fuller explanation see P. Taggart, Populism (Buckingham: Open University Press, 2000).

Mény and Surel, 2000, op. cit., Ref. 5.

M. Canovan, ‘ “People”, politicians and populism’, Government and Opposition, 19, 3 (1984), pp. 312–327.

Mény and Surel, 2002, op. cit., Ref. 5.

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Taggart, op. cit., Ref. 6.

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G. Marks and M. Steenerberg (Eds), Special Issue on ‘Dimensions of contestation in the European Union’, Comparative Political Studies, 35, 8 (2002).

G. Marks and M. Steenerberg, ‘Understanding political contestation in the European Union’, Comparative Political Studies, 35, 8 (2002), pp. 879–892.

Marks and Steenerberg, ibid., p. 882.

Marks and Steenerberg, ibid., pp. 889–890.

Marks and Steenerberg, ibid., p. 889.

Marks and Steenerberg, ibid., p.890.

R. Topf, ‘Electoral participation’, in H.‐D. Klingemann and D. Fuchs (Eds), Citizens and the State (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), p. 50.

Fuchs and Klingemann, op. cit., Ref. 24.

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