Remote sensing satellites and privacy: A framework for policy assessment

Abstract

Current and forthcoming capabilities of remote sensing technology will affect the ease with which satellites provide newer or less expensive means for uncovering otherwise private information. Consequently, RSS (Remote Sensing Satellites) technology is moving from the relatively obscure domains of oil companies and military strategists to the attention of those concerned with privacy rights and the social, political, and economic consequences of access to and distribution of information. We explicate factors determining how, if at all, to control the use and availability of information gathered by remote sensing satellites. While we discuss the intrinsic value of privacy, we emphasize the economic and social objectives privacy rights instrumentally promote, such as incentives to generate information and to promote competition or cooperation. To evaluate the need for policy regarding RSS data flows, we propose some generalizations on the effects and desirability of RSS‐supplied information. An important consideration is the extent to which relations between the observer and the observed should be regarded as adversarial or complementary. Applying the framework to four categories of problematic situations, depending upon whether the observer or the observed are private parties or governmental entities, illuminates the effects RSS may have on market competition, political systems, civil liberties, and international agreements.

Notes

This paper was written while Professor Brennan was a Gilbert White Fellow at Resources for the Future. We gratefully acknowledge RFF's support, and note that the opinions we express here are our own and not necessarily those of RET or anyone associated with it.