How should we deal with human rights in cyberspace? some remarks

Abstract

The main purpose of this paper is to situate the concept of ‘code’ as a new means of control of social behaviour within the human rights debate. It also briefly maps the possible models of human rights protection in the realm of cyberspace.

Notes

1 Cezary Mik, Zbiorowe Prawa Człowieka (Collective Human Rights), Wydawnictwo UMK, Torun, p 7, 1992.

2 Lawrence Lessig, Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace, Basic Books, New York, 1999.

3 Lawrence Lessig, ‘The New Chicago School’, The Journal of Legal Studies, Vol 27, p 690, 1998, available on-line: www.lessig.org/content/articles/works/LessigNewchicschool.pdf

4 Gunther Teubner, ‘Societal constitutionalism. Alternatives to state-centred constitutional theory, lecture in honour of Leon Petraz˙ycki, Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Warsaw, p 31, 27 May 2004.

5 Urlich Beck, Risikogesellschaft. Auf dem Weg in Eine Andere Moderne, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, p 67, 1986.

6 Teubner, op cit note 4, p 38.

7 Lao-Tzu, Canon of Reason and Virtue: (Lao-Tze's Tao Teh King), Open Court Publishing Company, Chicago, 1974.

8 Lessig, op cit note 2, p 235.

9 Vaios Karavas and Gunther Teubner, ‘http://www.CompanyNameSucks.com: Drittwirkung der Grundrechte gegenüber “Privaten” im autonomen Recht des Internet?’, in Wolfgang Hoffmann-Riem and Karl-Heinz Ladeur (eds) Innovationsoffene Regulierung des Internet, Nomos, Baden-Baden, 2003, available online: http://www.germanlawjournal.com/article.php?id = 356

10 Stephen Gardbaum, ‘The “horizontal effect” of constitutional rights’, Michigan Law Review, Vol 102, 2003, available online: papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id = 437440

11 Nicholas Garnham, ‘The role of the public sphere in the information society’, in Christopher T. Marsden (ed.), Regulating the Global Information Society, Routledge, p 46, 2000.

12 See also Lech Morawski, ‘Hard positivism, soft positivism, and dead positivism’, Ius et Lex, Vol 2, 2003.