Healthcare utilisation patterns among older people with intellectual disability and with affective and anxiety diagnoses in comparison with the general population

Abstract

Objectives

This study investigates specialist healthcare visits of older people with intellectual disability ID having affective and anxiety diagnoses in comparison with the general population, as well as across different levels of ID, behavioural impairment, and living in special housing in Sweden.

Method

The study is a retrospective national-register-based study from 2002–2012 of people with ID 55 years and older (n = 7936) and a control group the same size matched by birth year and sex from the general population at the end of study. The study groups comprised those with affective (n = 918) and anxiety (n = 825) diagnoses who visited specialist healthcare, including data about living in special housing at the end of study in 2012.

Results

Older people with ID and with affective and anxiety diagnoses have a higher risk of inpatient and unplanned visits to psychiatric and somatic healthcare than the general population. The average length of stay in inpatient psychiatric healthcare was higher in older people with ID and anxiety diagnoses than in the general population. Within the ID group, more inpatient and unplanned visits were made by those with moderate and severe levels of ID, behavioural impairment, and living in special housing.

Conclusion

Older people with ID and affective and anxiety diagnoses are more likely to have inpatient and unplanned visits for specialist healthcare than the general population. Future research should explore the quality of healthcare services delivered by healthcare providers to older people with ID and with affective and anxiety diagnoses.

Keywords:

• Behavioural impairment
• special housing
• mood disorder
• depression
• mental retardation
• intellectual services

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Anna Axmon, Associate Professor in Statistic, Lund University, Sweden for the assistance of extraction of data from the larger data base.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Additional information

Funding

This study was funded by the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte 2014-4753) and the Jordanian South Society for Special Education.