Guided self-management targeting anxiety and activity participation in older Veterans

Abstract

Objectives

This study examined the acceptance, feasibility, and preliminary effects of a guided self-management intervention using video delivery and a telephone coach on anxiety and activity engagement.

Method

Ten Veterans aged 60 years or older with anxiety disorders determined by Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5^th edition (SCID-5) at baseline visit participated in this non-randomized study examining a 4-week guided self-management intervention for anxiety. Feasibility was examined using participation engagement with the intervention. Measures of anxiety (Geriatric Anxiety Scale, PROMIS Anxiety Scale, Anxiety Control Questionnaire), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item), and activity participation (modified Activity Card Sort) administered at baseline and final (week 8) visit provided estimates of preliminary intervention effects. The Geriatric Anxiety Scale also was administered by phone at week 4. Participants completed a semi-structured qualitative interview at the final visit, which provided information about the acceptability, benefits of intervention, and barriers to engagement.

Results

All participants (N = 10) reported that the intervention somewhat or completely met their expectations, demonstrating intervention acceptability. Intervention completers (n = 9) experienced reduced anxiety over the first 4 weeks, alongside significant improvements in anxiety control and personalized activity goals across 8 weeks. However, anxiety symptoms tended to return to baseline at follow-up. Participants identified the relaxation videos and promotion of a daily relaxation routine as the most helpful intervention components.

Conclusions

Findings indicate that the intervention may improve activity participation and reduce anxiety. Thus, guided self-management interventions show promise for reducing distress and maintaining engagement later in life.

Keywords:

• Anxiety
• functioning
• self-management
• self-help
• Veteran
• worry

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Aimee Marie L. Zapata, Ph.D., for her assistance with data collection.

Disclosure statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to report.

Data availablity

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author (CG), upon reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by a Career Development Award (IK2 RX001478; PI: Gould) from the United States (U.S.) Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development Service. Dr. Beaudreau’s participation in the manuscript preparation and revision was partially supported by the Sierra Pacific MIRECC. Views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the Federal Government.