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Abstract
Objectives
Migrant women in China’s industrial cities face particular contraceptive challenges, which have changed in recent years as family planning policy has shifted. Little is known about recent trends in contraception and abortion among China’s large internal migrant population. We conducted a survey to examine these issues among factory workers in a large Chinese city.
Methods
Married migrant women (N = 801) aged 20–39 years and working in Changzhou, China, completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire giving details about their sociodemographic background, work and migration situations, and reproductive health.
Results
Current contraceptive use was reported by 86.6% of women. Condoms, which have largely replaced longer acting contraceptive methods in this population in recent years, were being used by 54.9% of contraceptive users. Only 41.2% used a longer acting method, mostly an intrauterine device (IUD). A lifetime history of abortion was reported by 40.4%. In the past year, 5.5% had had an unintended pregnancy and 5.2% had had an induced abortion. Older age, lower level of education, lower income, area of origin and husband’s residency were associated with IUD use. Lower income, husband’s residency and stronger fertility desire were associated with recent unintended pregnancy.
Conclusion
The results of the study provide evidence that migrant women in China are relying more than ever on less effective methods of contraception. Unintended pregnancy and abortion are common. China’s current informed choice model needs to be improved with the provision of better health education before and after migration and easy access to health and reproductive health care services.
摘要：
目的：中国工业城市的外来务工女性面临着特别的避孕挑战, 近年来, 随着计划生育政策的转变, 这种挑战已经发生了变化。人们对中国庞大的外来人口中避孕和堕胎的最新趋势知之甚少。我们在中国一个大城市的工厂工人中关于这些问题进行了一项调查。
方法：在中国常州市工作的20∼39岁的已婚外来务工女性（N=801）填写了一份匿名自填式问卷, 详细说明了她们的社会人口学背景、工作和移居情况以及生殖健康。
结果：86.6%的女性报告了目前采用的避孕工具情况。避孕套近年来在很大程度上取代了这一人群中的长效避孕方法, 54.9%的避孕者采用避孕套。只有41.2%的人采用长效避孕方法, 主要是宫内节育器（IUD）。有流产史者占40.4%。在过去的一年里, 5.5%的女性意外怀孕, 5.2%的女性做过人工流产。年龄大、文化程度低、收入低、迁出地和丈夫居住地与IUD的采用有关。较低的收入、丈夫的居住地和较强的生育意愿与最近的意外怀孕有关。
结论：这项研究的结果提供了证据, 表明中国的外来务工女性比以往任何时候都更加依赖效果较差的避孕方法。意外怀孕和堕胎很常见。中国目前的知情选择模式需要改进, 在移居前后提供更好的健康教育, 并方便地获得健康和生殖健康保健服务。
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).