Seismic Vulnerability of Urban Vernacular Buildings in Nepal: Case of Newari Construction

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the seismic vulnerability of vernacular Newari buildings in Nepal. Based on the damage statistics and failure modes recorded during 1934, 1988, 2011, and 2015 earthquakes, damage probability matrices and seismic fragility functions are derived in this paper. Notable seismic features of the Newari buildings are identified and reported using forensic approach. The result of this study highlights that the vernacular Newari buildings are highly vulnerable in the case of minor to major earthquakes; however, the seismic features have contributed to downscale the damage extent.

KEYWORDS:

• Vernacular Construction
• Masonry Building
• Seismic Vulnerability
• Damage Probability Matrix
• Fragility Function