Clinical evolution of patients treated with aripiprazole long-acting injectable: a preliminary, prospective, observational study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of 6-month treatment with aripiprazole long-acting injectable (LAI) in improving psychotic symptoms, social functioning and side effects and reducing co-administered antipsychotic drugs.

Methods: Multicentre, observational, prospective study that enrolled 53 patients with diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders who initiated or switched to aripiprazole LAI. The effectiveness of aripiprazole LAI was assessed through the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Udvalg for Kliniske Undersogelser scale for side effects, the Global Assessment of Functioning and the Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia (CGI-SCH).

Results: Upon treatment with aripiprazole LAI, patients significantly improved all the domains of PANSS (p < .05). Adverse event severity significantly improved after a 6-month aripiprazole LAI treatment (p < .05). Differences from baseline to month 6 in Global Assessment of Functioning score were significant (p = .0002). The proportion of severely ill patients decreased upon treatment with aripiprazole LAI (CGI-SCH scale). Prolactin levels were normalised after a 6-month treatment (from 43.0 to 14.7 ng/mL). Co-administered antipsychotic drugs significantly decreased after a 6-month treatment with aripiprazole LAI.

Conclusion: A 6-month treatment with aripiprazole LAI improved the clinical status of our patients without modifying their metabolic profile, and allowed the reduction of co-administered antipsychotic drugs.

Practice implications

• Long-acting injectable antipsychotics are effective treatment options for the maintenance of patients with schizophrenia and related disorders, and to ensure treatment adherence. This study describes the evolution of patients over six months of treatment with aripiprazole long-acting injectable. The results from this study support previous data on the efficacy and safety of this atypical antipsychotic. This study may be of wide interest to the community of psychiatrists and may help clinicians optimise treatment adherence in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Key points

• Aripiprazole long-acting injectable is an atypical antipsychotic intended to improve treatment adherence and prevent relapses.

• This multicentre prospective study evaluated the effectiveness of aripiprazole long-acting injectable over six months of treatment on the control of a comprehensive set of clinical variables.

• Clinical rating scales showed that treatment with aripiprazole long-acting injectable improved clinical symptoms and social functioning, and reduced the severity of adverse events.

• Aripiprazole long-acting injectable contributed to the maintenance of adequate metabolic profiles and the normalisation of prolactin levels.

• Patients significantly decreased co-administered antipsychotic drugs after 6-month treatment with aripiprazole.

Keywords:

• Aripiprazole
• long-acting injectable
• symptoms
• functioning
• polypharmacy

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Carla Granados from Trialance SCCL for providing medical writing assistance.

Disclosure statement

Juan Carlos García Álvarez has been consultant of Adamed Laboratorios S.L.U., Exeltis Healthcare S.L., Janssen Cilag S.A., Otsuka Pharmaceutical S.A. and Lundbeck S.A. Jose María Bonete Llácer has acted as a speaker for Janssen Cilag S.A., Otsuka Pharmaceutical S.A., Lundbeck S.A., Pfizer Inc, Exeltis Healthcare S.L., Adamed Laboratorios S.L.U. and Qualigen Laboratories. Enrique Pérez Martinez has acted as a speaker for Otsuka Pharmaceutical S.A., Janssen Cilag S.A. and Laboratorios Servier S.L. Eloy García Resa has been consultant of Adamed Laboratorios S.L.U., Janssen Cilag S.A., Otsuka Pharmaceutical S.A., Lundbeck S.A. and Qualigen Laboratories. The other authors report no conflict of interest.