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Original Articles

MODEST CHANGES, BIG REVOLUTIONS

From micro to macro, from families to local-community in Latin AmericaFootnote1

Pages 201-214 | Published online: 19 Apr 2007
 

Abstract

In this paper we propose a psychosociological critical theory, which can be applied modestly in particular contexts such as families, organizations and communities. We use discourse analysis as an empirical action-research method, able to study and see families as protagonists with their own history and local culture. We have developed two methodologies, analysis of dominant and alternative discourses and a dialogue based on naïve questions, which have allowed the creation of a link between individual problems and social issues, and have empowered people to do something for themselves and their community. Our methodologies have led us to create a critical and reflective research to resolve psychological problems in families and, at the same time, change the attitudes of their members to more complex social problems, such as gender discrimination, violence, impunity, asymmetric power relations and racism. We propose that social researchers, in particular in Latin America, will take a reflective, critical and political stance, aimed not only at developing knowledge, but also at promoting socio-cultural changes for the families and their communities as a part of the political transformation of society.

En este articulo proponemos una teoría critica psicosocial, la cual se pueda aplicar modestamente en contextos particulares como familias, organizaciones y comunidades. Utilizamos el análisis del discurso como método empírico de investigación-acción; que permita ver a las familias como protagonistas activos de su propia historia y cultura local. Para ello, hemos desarrollado dos metodologías: análisis de discursos dominantes y alternativos y un dialogo basado en preguntas estúpidas. Estas metodologías nos han permitido hacer un vinculo entre problemas individuales y problemáticas sociales, y por otro lado restaura el poder en los actores para que estos generen cambios en ellos mismos y su propia comunidad. Estas metodologías de investigación-acción han sido útiles para resolver problemas psicológicos en la familia y para crear cambios de actitud a cuestiones sociales de otra complejidad como discriminación de genero, violencia, impunidad, relaciones de poder abismalmente asimétricas, racismo, etc. Esto nos ha conducido a reflexionar críticamente sobre el papel de investigador en Latinoamérica, invitado a que estos no solo genere conocimiento sino que también cambios socio-culturales en un tono critico como parte de la necesaria transformación política de esta sociedad.

Notes

1. A version of this paper was presented at the ‘New Sources of Critical Theory’ Conference, Peterhouse, University of Cambridge, 31 August–3 September 2000.

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