Mediating role of tawakkul between religious orientation and stress among Muslim adults

ABSTRACT

Being an important Islamic concept, tawakkul is a fundamental and core value in the Islamic belief system. The present research intended to investigate the role of tawakkul between religious orientation and stress. A purposive sample of (N = 350) Muslim adults aged 25 years and above (M = 31.92, SD = 8.72) was recruited for the study. Tawakkul Scale, the Urdu version of the Stress Subscale of DASS-21, and the Urdu version of the Religious Orientation Scale were used for measuring the focal constructs. Results indicated that tawakkul had a negative relationship with stress and extrinsic social religious orientation and a positive relationship with intrinsic religious orientation and extrinsic personal religious orientation. Tawakkul also mediated the relationships of intrinsic and extrinsic personal religious orientations with stress. Implications of the study and suggestions for future investigations have been discussed.

KEYWORDS:

• Tawakkul
• intrinsic religious orientation
• extrinsic personal religious orientation
• extrinsic social religious orientation
• stress

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to all older adults who participated in this study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Ethics statement

The research was carried out in strict compliance with the ethical guidelines of the American Psychological Association and was monitored by the research ethics committee of the Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha.