The progressiveness of Urdu literature through Urdu poetry

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Notes

1 Carlo Coppola, Urdu Poetry, 1935-1970: The Progressive Episode, Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2017, pp 2–28.

2 Ahmed Ali, ‘The Progressive Writers’ Movement and Creative Writers in Urdu’, in Carlo Coppola (ed.), Marxist Influences and South Asian Literature, East Lansing: Michigan State University, 1974, p 35.

3 Khalilur Rahman Azmi, Urdu Mein Taraqqi PasandAdbi Tahrik, Aligarh,Anjuman-i-Taraqqi –i-Urdu Hind, 1972, p 30.

4 Carlo Coppola, Facebook chat. Available at: http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100013641364933

5 Rakhshanda Jalil, Liking Progress, Loving Change: A Literary History of the Progressive Writers’ Movement in Urdu, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014.