Aphrodite delights

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Acknowledgments

For their comments I would like to thank Michael Given, Sevina Floridou and the two reviewers of Postcolonial Studies.

Notes

1. Colin Thurborn, A Journey Into Cyprus, London: Pall Mall Press, 1986 [1975], p 249.

2. Quoted in Michael Given, ‘Corrupting Aphrodite: Colonialist Interpretations of the Cyprian Goddess’, in Diane Bolger and Nancy Serwint (eds), Engendering Aphrodite: Women and Society in Ancient Cyprus, Boston, MA: American Schools of Oriental Research 7, 2002, p 423.

3. Given, ‘Corrupting Aphrodite’, p 422.

4. Given, ‘Corrupting Aphrodite’; Michael Given, ‘Symbols, Power, and the Construction of City-Kingdoms of Archaic and Classical Cyprus’, unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Cambridge, 1991, pp 6–39.

5. Given, ‘Symbols’, p 6.

6. Michael Given, ‘Star of the Parthenon, Cypriot Melange: Education and Representation in Colonial Cyprus’, Journal of Mediterranean Studies 7(1), 1997, pp 59–82.

7. Paschalis Kitromilides, ‘The Dialectic of Intolerance: Ideological Dimensions of Ethnic Conflict’, in Peter Worsley and Paschalis Kitromilides (eds), Small States in the Modern World: The Conditions of Survival, Nicosia: The New Cyprus Association, 1979, pp 143–184.

8. <http://www.visitcyprus.org.cy/ctoweb/ctowebsite.nsf/dc305e48e829c1d8c2256a5e0040f144/230fd5beafecdfa4c2256ab00034321b> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

9. Jeffrey Eugenides, Middlesex, London: Bloomsbury, 2002, pp 362–363.

10. Eugenides, Middlesex, p 19.

11. Peter Loizos, ‘Notes on Future Anthropological Research in Cyprus’, in Marion Dimen and Ernestine Friedl (eds), Regional Variation in Modern Greece and Cyprus: Towards a Perspective on the Ethnography of Greece, New York: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 268, 1976, p 360.

12. George Mikes, Eureka! Rummaging in Greece, London: Andre Deutsch, 1965, p 100.

13. Mikes, Rummaging, p 107.

14. Mikes, Rummaging, p 116.

15. Mary Douglas, Purity and Danger: An Analysis of the Concept of Pollution and Taboo, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1966.

16. Robert Stephens, Cyprus: A Place of Arms, London: Pall Mall Press, 1966.

17. Michael Herzfeld, ‘Anthropology and the Politics of Significance’, Social Analysis 41(3), 1997, p 127.

18. Peter Loizos, The Heart Grown Bitter: A Chronicle of Cypriot War Refugees, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.

19. Stephen Xydis, Cyprus: Reluctant Republic, Hague: Mouton, 1973.

20. Mikes, Rummaging, pp 117–118.

21. Zenon Stavrinides, The Cyprus Conflict: National Identity and Statehood, Nicosia: no publisher, 1975, p 67.

22. Reported in ‘Exclusive Interview: We Said No Because We Felt Insecure’, Khaleej Times, 4 September 2004, <http://www.khaleejtimes.com/Displayarticle.asp?section=exclusiveinterview&xfile=data/exclusiveinterview/2004/september/exclusiveinterview_september2.xml> (last accessed 25 November 2005). The most detailed account of interethnic killings during the 1960s, reporting the numbers of Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots killed, is Richard Patrick, Political Geography and the Cyprus Conflict: 1963–1971, Department of Geography Publications Series No. 4, Ontario: University of Waterloo, 1976.

23. On memory, forgetting and historiography in the two sides of Cyprus see Yiannis Papadakis, Echoes from the Dead Zone: Across the Cyprus Divide, London: I B Tauris, 2005.

24. <http://www.visitcyprus.org.cy/ctoweb/ctowebsite.nsf/Aphrodite/03CAA61F3ECF671BC2256A380044113D> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

25. <http://www.visitcyprus.org.cy/ctoweb/ctowebsite.nsf/Aphrodite/03CAA61F3ECF671BC2256A380044113D> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

26. Edward Tripp, Dictionary of Classical Mythology, London: Collins, 1988, pp 57–61.

27. Tripp, Dictionary, p 60.

28. Bonnie Maclachlan, ‘The Ungendering of Aphrodite’, in Bolger and Serwint, Engendering Aphrodite, pp 365–378; Demetrios Michaelides, ‘A Decorated Mirror from Nea Paphos’, in Bolger and Serwint, Engendering Aphrodite, pp 351–363.

29. <http://www.cyprusive.com/default.asp?CID=213> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

30. <http://www.visitcyprus.org.cy/ctoweb/ctowebsite.nsf/dc305e48e829c1d8c2256a5e0040f144/230fd5beafecdfa4c2256ab00034321b> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

31. Kalabush (Camera Stylo Recording Arts Productions and Hyperion Productions), 2003, directed by Adonis Florides and Theodoros Nicolaides, script by Adonis Florides.

32. Stephanie Lynn Budin, ‘Creating a Goddess of Sex’, in Bolger and Serwint, Engendering Aphrodite, pp 315–324. A reference to prostitution in ancient Cyprus citing Herodotus is also made on the CTO's web-page <http://www.visitcyprus.org.cy/ctoweb/ctowebsite.nsf/Aphrodite/03CAA61F3ECF671BC2256A380044113D> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

33. Anna Agathangelou, The Global Political Economy of Sex: Desire, Violence, and Insecurity in Mediterranean Nation States, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.

34. Fatma Guven-Lisaniler, Leopoldo Rodriguez and Sevin Ugural, ‘Migrant Sex Workers and State Regulation in Northern Cyprus’, Women's Studies International Forum 28, 2005, pp 79–91.

35. Office of the Ombudsman (Republic of Cyprus), Aftepaggelti Erevna tis Epitropou Diikiseos os Pros to Kathestos Isodou kai Ergasias Allodapon Ginekon me tin Idiotita tis Kallitehnidas (Self-Appointed Investigation by the Ombudswoman on the Entry and Work Regulations of Foreign Women Under the Label of Artiste), 2001, available at <http://www.ombudsman.gov.cy/Ombudsman/ombudsman.nsf/All/2B374DA10180F8E9C2256F68003B2092/(file/A1.pdf?OpenElement> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

36. Stefanos Evripidou, ‘Theodorou Refuses to Back Down over Eastern European Prostitution Claim’, Cyprus Mail (Nicosia), 5 December 2003, p 3.

37. Agathangelou, The Global Political Economy of Sex, p 63

38. Cynthia Cockburn, The Line: Women, Partition and the Gender Order in Cyprus, London and New York: Zed Books, 2004, p 104.

39. Helena Smith, ‘Northern Cypriots Turn Against Turkey’, Guardian (London), 25 September 2001, <http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4263719,00.html> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

40. On the statements of Zampelas: Anna Andreou, ‘Diloseis stin Agkira: to DNA tou Zampela’ (Statements in Ankara: The DNA of Zampelas), Politis (Nicosia), 23 April 2005, p 4. For a similar view expressed by a Turkish Cypriot commentator, see Erdogan Ozampaliktzi, ‘Paremvasi: Oi Kyprioi kai ta Gonidia’ (Intervention: Cypriots and Genes), Politis (Nicosia), 8 September 2005, p 9.

41. Cockburn, The Line, p 137.

42. Amberin Zaman, ‘Cypriots are Reunited over the Card Table’, Telegraph, 26 February 2005, <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/02/26/wcyprus26.xml> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

43. Nancy Serwit, ‘Aphrodite and Her Near Eastern Sisters: Spheres of Influence’, in Bolger and Serwint, Engendering Aphrodite, pp 325–350. The multiple personas of Aphrodite, including all those discussed here, have recently been acknowledged in a CTO leaflet prepared by academic archaeologists: Kyprida Aphrodite (Aphrodite Cultural Route), Nicosia: CTO, no date.

44. Paul Friedrich, The Meaning of Aphrodite, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978, pp 134–148.

45. Martin Bernal, Black Athena, Vol. 2: The Archaeological and Documentary Evidence, London: Free Association Books, 1991, pp 232–234, 494.

46. Richard Handler, Nationalism and the Politics of Culture in Quebec, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 1988, pp 40–43.

47. Stefanos Evripidou, ‘Giant Loukoumi Beats the World Record’, Cyprus Mail (Nicosia), 19 October 2004, p 3.

48. Noah Haglund, ‘Don't Chicken Out: Go See the Giant Kebab’, Sunday Mail (Nicosia), 10–16 June 2001, p 8 (7 days section).

49. <http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/local/content_pages/eng_record.asp?recordid=49112> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

50. <http://www.visitcyprus.org.cy/ctoweb/ctowebsite.nsf/WhyCyprus/9F78BFC3FC3E0A38C2256A2B003245C0> (last accessed 25 November 2005).

51. Ralph-Raymond Braun, Zypern, 2nd edn, Erlangen: Michael Mueller Verlag, 2005,p 100f. I thank Ramona Lenz for bringing this to my attention.

52. I would like to thank Adonis Florides for bringing this to my attention and showing me the two coffee packets.

53. Espresso (Camera Stylo Recording Arts Productions, 1998) was written and directed by Theodoros Nicolaides and Adonis Florides.