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Culture, Health & Sexuality
An International Journal for Research, Intervention and Care
Volume 16, 2014 - Issue 6
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Articles

Divorce in the context of domestic violence against women in Vietnam

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Pages 634-647 | Received 06 Mar 2013, Accepted 18 Feb 2014, Published online: 14 Apr 2014
 

Abstract

This paper examines obstacles for women who face domestic violence in making decisions about divorce and in seeking and securing support for a divorce. The research was undertaken in the context of a project in one district of a coastal province in Vietnam that sought to reduce gender based-violence and mitigate its effects. Data from in-depth interviews and focus-group discussions are used to examine abused women's attitudes, strategies and behaviours and the responses of people in their communities and in the support system established by the project. The findings show that social norms supporting marriage discourage abused women from seeking divorce and, in some cases, any kind of support, and discourage community-based support networks, police and local court systems from providing effective assistance to these women.

El presente artículo se basa en una investigación destinada a examinar los obstáculos enfrentados por las mujeres que, en un contexto de violencia doméstica, están contemplando divorciarse y buscan apoyo para ello. Dicha investigación se realizó en el marco de un proyecto implementado en un distrito de una provincia de la costa de Vietnam, cuyo objetivo apuntaba a reducir la violencia de género y a mitigar sus efectos. Los datos surgidos de las entrevistas a profundidad y de las conversaciones que tuvieron lugar en grupos de enfoque, se utilizaron para examinar las actitudes, las estrategias y los comportamientos de las mujeres víctimas de abusos, asícomo las respuestas provenientes de las personas de las comunidades que habitan estas mujeres y del sistema de apoyo establecido en el marco del proyecto. Las conclusiones demuestran que las normas sociales existentes, a favor del matrimonio, desalientan a las mujeres víctimas de abuso a proceder a divorciarse, ya que en algunos casos hasta se les niega cualquier tipo de apoyo. Asimismo, tales normas desaniman a las redes de apoyo comunitarias, a la policía y a los tribunales locales para que brinden asistencia efectiva a dichas mujeres.

Cet article examine les obstacles rencontrés par les femmes qui subissent des violences domestiques, lorsqu'elles prennent la décision de divorcer, et lorsqu'elles cherchent et obtiennent du soutien dans cette démarche. Cette recherche a été conduite dans le cadre d'un programme développé dans une région cˆtière du Vietnam, qui vise à réduire la violence domestique basée sur le genre età en atténuer les effets. Les données proviennent d'entretiens en profondeur et de groupes de discussion thématique. Elles ont été exploitées pour examiner les attitudes, les stratégies et les comportements des femmes victimes de violences ; ainsi que la riposte des personnes vivant dans leurs communautés et en lien avec le système de soutien mis en place par le programme. Les résultats révélent que les normes sociales favorables au mariage dissuadent les femmes victimes de violences de chercher à divorcer et, dans certains cas, d'obtenir une quelconque forme de soutien. De mˆme, ces normes dissuadent les réseaux de soutien communautaire, la police et les systémes judiciaires locaux d'aider ces femmes de manière appropriée.

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to our CCIHP colleagues Tran Thanh Tam, Nguyen Quang Phuong and Tran Thanh Nam for their important contributions to the field research, and colleagues Reena Borwankar and Susan Zimicki at FHI360 for their helpful comments on an earlier draft. Most of all, we thank the organisations and the women and men of Cua Lo who participated in this study for sharing their experiences and views with us. The observations and conclusions herein are those of the authors and do not represent CCIHP, FHI360 or the Ford Foundation.

Notes

1. For simplicity, we use the term ‘abused women’ to describe women who experience domestic violence.

2. Women who were already divorced were not included in the survey.

3. While recognising that men can also suffer from gender-based violence, the terminology gender-based violence was used in the project to highlight that gender norms that devalue women are the root cause of the problem.

4. ‘As a daughter she obeys her father, as a wife she obeys her husband, as a widow she obeys her son’ (Gammeltoft Citation1999, p. 174).

5. Hatcher et al. (Citation2013) have documented a similar phenomenon in rural Kenya.

Additional information

Funding

Funding
This work was supported by the Ford Foundation under [grant number 10600491], and [grant number 10900571].

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