423
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Subjective experience of health, personal health resources and beliefs: supporting a lifeworld approach to social work in youth health

Subjektive Gesundheit, personale Gesundheitsressourcen und -vorstellungen: Stärkung des Lebensweltansatzes in der Gesundheitsförderung junger Menschen als Konzept Sozialer Arbeit

ORCID Icon &
 

ABSTRACT

The Salutogenesis model proposes that life experiences shape our Sense of Coherence (SOC), supporting the application of resources to help us cope with stressors. Along with our beliefs, these factors determine our health experience. Young people face rapid development in relation to personal resources. However, to date, there has been little exploration of the subjective health experience or availability of resources of young people within the German context. This research employed a 2 phase, mixed-methods study using a questionnaire (n = 482) and focus groups (n = 12) to examine: subjective health experience, personal health resources (SOC), self-efficacy (SE) and health locus of control (HLoC) and health beliefs. Results identified three participant typologies. Type 1 reported the highest levels of subjective health and resources and defined health as relating to functional performance. Type 2 reported moderate health and resources and prioritised both physical and social health. Type 3 reported the poorest health and resources and low health priority. This study demonstrates the important relationship between subjective health assessment and personal resources for young people. It illustrates the importance of developmentally-tailored approaches to social work practice, founded in a lifeworld-oriented approach, to enable understanding of subjective health experience and foster agency to maximise health outcomes.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Nach der Salutogenese ist davon auszugehen, dass Lebenserfahrungen Einfluss auf das Kohärenzgefühl (SOC) nehmen und damit Bewältigungsressourcen im Alltag stärken. Darüber hinaus nehmen subjektorientierte Alltagskonstruktionen Einfluss auf unsere Wahrnehmung von Gesundheit. Bei Jugendlichen, die vor lebensphasentypischen Entwicklungsaufgaben stehen, wurden die subjektiven Gesundheitsvorstelungen und -ressourcen im deutschen Kontext noch wenig untersucht. In der vorliegenden triangulativen Studie wurde anhand einer Befragung (n = 482) und Gruppendiskussionen (n = 12) die subjektive Gesundheitswahrnehmung, Gesundheitsressourcen und -vorstellungen Jugendlicher untersucht. Im Ergebnisse konnten drei Typen identifiziert werden. Typ 1 schätzt die eigene Gesundheit sowie Verfügbarkeit personaler Ressourcen hoch ein und definiert Gesundheit primär über funktionale Leistungsfähigkeit. Typ 2 berichtet eine mittlere Gesundheits- und Ressourcenselbsteinschätzung und priorisiert ein ausgleichsorientiertes, biopsychosoziales Gesundheitsverständnis. Typ 3 berichtet die schlechteste Einschätzung eigener Gesundheit und verfügbarer personaler Ressourcen und zeigt eine geringere Wahrnehmung von Gesundheit im Alltag. Die Studie verweist auf den Zusammenhang subjektiver Gesundheitswahrnehmung und Verfügbarkeit von Gesundheitsressourcen Jugendlicher. Sie zeigt zudem die Bedeutung von Ansätze die den Alltag junger Menschen in den Fokus nehmen, um diese in der Praxis Sozialer Arbeit besser in ihren subjektiven Vorstellungen von Gesundheit zu verstehen und sie davon ausgehend in ihren Möglichkeiten zur Einflussnahme auf Gesundheit in ihrer Lebenswelt zu fördern.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

1 The survey included students in the three different school levels in East-Western Germany. In Germany there are three main kinds of general schools and degrees: The basic Secondary School (Hauptschule) leads to the Certificate of Compulsory Education (Hauptschulabschluss) after five years (nine including primary school). This track typically prepares young people usually for vocational education. In most Case is complete by age 15. The Middle Secondary School (Realschule) provides a Certificate of higher status after six years (ten in total). Approximate age of completing is 16 years. The Grammer School (Gymnasium) provides a qualification (Abitur) giving access to higher education after nine (thirteen in total) years. This diploma from German secondary school allows for university admission or matriculation and university-entrance diploma (Abitur) prepares young people for university education. This is complete by 18 or 19 years.

2 Dimensionality reduction and quality of domains in the questionnaire were analysed by using PCA.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

A. L. Rademaker

A. L. Rademaker, Dr. phil., is a social worker (M.A.), academic, researcher and field specialist in concepts of health social work and health promotion in DVSG; her main research interests are health social work, clinical social work, lifeworld orientation, agency, health promotion in social work, youth health, child and youth services.

L. R. Holland

L. R. Holland is a social worker, academic, researcher and consultant who has significant experience in adolescent health, integrated care, mixed methods and health services research.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.