An exploratory study of long-term neurocognitive outcomes following recovery from opportunistic brain infections in HIV+ adults

Andrew J. Levine University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USACorrespondence[email protected]

Charles H. Hinkin University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Kazuhiro Ando University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Gianni Santangelo University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Mariana Martinez University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Miguel Valdes-Sueiras University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Olive View–UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, CA, USA; AIDS Healthcare Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Ernestina H. Saxton University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Glen Mathisen University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Olive View–UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, CA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Deborah L. Commins University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Southern California University Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Ardis Moe University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Charles Farthing University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA; AIDS Healthcare Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Elyse J. Singer University of California, Los Angeles–National Neurological AIDS Bank, Los Angeles, CA, USA

show all

Abstract

Central nervous system opportunistic infections (CNS-OI) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in AIDS. While current interventions are increasingly successful in treating CNS-OI, little information exists regarding long-term behavioral outcomes among survivors. In this exploratory study we examined neurocognitive data among three groups of adults with different AIDS-related CNS-OI: 15 with past cryptococcal meningitis (CM), 8 with toxoplasmosis encephalitis (TE), and 8 with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). A group of 61 individuals with AIDS, but without CNS-OI, was used as a comparison group. A battery of standardized neuropsychological tests assessing a variety of cognitive domains was administered upon entry. Results indicate that individuals with a history of CNS-OI were most impaired on measures of cognitive and psychomotor speed relative to the HIV+ comparison group. Among the CNS-OI groups, individuals with history of TE had the most severe and varied deficits. The results are discussed in relation to what is known about the neuropathological consequences of the various CNS-OIs. While this is the first systematic group study of residual CNS-OI effects on neurocognitive function, future studies employing more participants, perhaps focusing on specific CNS-OIs, will further characterize the long-term outcomes in AIDS-related CNS-OI.

Keywords:

This study was supported by Grant NS38841, National Neurological AIDS Bank.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

An exploratory study of long-term neurocognitive outcomes following recovery from opportunistic brain infections in HIV+ adults

Related Research Data

Information for

Open access

Opportunities

Help and information

An exploratory study of long-term neurocognitive outcomes following recovery from opportunistic brain infections in HIV+ adults

Abstract

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Related Research Data

Related research

To cite this article:

Download citation

Information for

Open access

Opportunities

Help and information

Keep up to date

Your download is now in progress and you may close this window

Login or register to access this feature