Carvone suppresses oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver of immobilised rats

Abstract

Objective

The investigation of the effect of carvone (a natural monoterpene) on liver damage caused by chronic immobilisation.

Methods

Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, carvone, stress, and stress-carvone. To induce stress, rats were placed in a restrainer (6 h/21 day) and carvone was treated by gavage at a dose of 20 mg/kg.

Results

Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase activities were significantly increased in sera of immobilised rats. Chronic immobilisation also increased malondialdehyde levels and decreased reduced glutathione content, as well as increased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NF-κB mRNA expression and also led to the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the liver parenchyma. Carvone’s 21-day treatment prevented all of these changes in immobilised rats.

Conclusion

It is concluded that carvone has effectively prevented chronic immobilisation-induced liver injury, most probably through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities.

Keywords:

• Carvone
• chronic immobilisation
• liver injury
• oxidative stress
• inflammation

Author contributions

M. A. -R. and R. A. conceived and planned the experiments. M. A. -R., R. A., and S. A. performed the experiments and collected the data. M. A. -R. analysed the data. M. A. -R. and R. A. wrote the manuscript and all of the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.

Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article.