Age- and education-adjusted normative data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in older adults age 70–99

Abstract

The original validation study for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) suggests a cutoff score of 26; however, this may be too stringent for older adults, particularly for those with less education. Given the rapidly increasing number of older adults and associated risk of dementia, this study aims to provide appropriate age- and education-adjusted norms for the MoCA. Data from 205 participants in an ongoing longevity study were used to derive normative data. Individuals were grouped based on age (70–79, 80–89, 90–99) and education level (≤12 Years, 13–15, ≥16 Years). There were significant differences between age and education groups with younger and more educated participants outperforming their counterparts. Forty-six percent of our sample scored below the suggested cutoff of 26. These normative data may provide a more accurate representation of MoCA performance in older adults for specific age and education stratifications.

Keywords:

• cognitive impairment
• cognitive screening
• cognitive decline
• Alzheimer’s disease
• dementia

ORCID

Michael Malek-Ahmadi http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9901-3650

Additional information

Funding

Funding for this study was provided by the Arizona Alzheimer’s Research Center [AZDHS agreement # AGR2009-017] and Arizona State University, College of Human Services Centenarian Database contract, 2007-2008.