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Fragblast
International Journal for Blasting and Fragmentation
Volume 3, 1999 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Underwater cratering and channeling with explosives

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Pages 165-183 | Published online: 01 Apr 2009
 

Abstract

This paper describes a series of tests conducted at Port Wakefield, Australia to investigate underwater cratering. The tests described were conducted with 3.6 kg charges of PE-4. The test series covered a range of depths of burial from 0.25 m above the sand water interface to approximately 0.8 m below the sand surface. The water levels above the sand ranged from zero (saturated) to approximately 1.2 m. The resulting data are being used to validate a computer code that will be used to predict channeling in an underwater environment utilizing a string of simultaneously detonated charges. The computer code is being developed at US Naval Research Laboratory and the Indian Head Division of the US Naval Surface Warfare Center in coordinated efforts.

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