Identifying optimal graphical level of detail to support orienting with 3D geo-visualizations

ABSTRACT

Limited hardware processing capacities and network bandwidth constrain the quality and quantity of photogrammetrically derived 3D terrain models that users can effectively visualize. In the present study, we examined what graphical level of detail (LOD) is sufficient to support effective spatial localization and orientation in 3D renderings of large-scale environments. We developed an interactive desktop split-screen orienting and geo-visualization task using photogrammetrically derived 3D terrain models, manipulating LOD on a trial-by-trial basis, tracking interactions during geo-visualization, and measuring orienting performance. Results demonstrated moderate (rather than maximum) LOD is sufficient for spatial orientation, suggesting new guidelines for the collection, transmission, and visualization of terrain models on end-user devices. We discuss these findings within the context of spatial perception, cognition, and behavior.

KEYWORDS:

• Geo-visualization
• photogrammetry
• level-of-detail
• spatial orientation

Acknowledgments

We thank Daniel Grover for programming the orienting and geo-visualization task and Bruna Ferrara, Jennifer Rourke, Grace Elliot, and Carlene Horner for assisting in pilot testing and data collection.

This work was supported by the United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Soldier Center (DEVCOM SC) as part of the Measuring and Advancing Soldier Tactical Readiness and Effectiveness (MASTR-E) program.

Additional information

Funding

This research was sponsored by the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command, and was accomplished under Cooperative Agreement Number W911QY-19-2-0003. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command, or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon.