Developing and validating a competence profile for Development Agents: an Ethiopian case study

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Development Agents (DAs) are employed by agricultural departments to provide capacity development for farmers. In this contribution, the adjustment of a competence profile originally developed for the Province of Esfahan [Karbasioun, M., M. Mulder, and H. J. A. Biemans. 2007. ‘Towards a Job Competency Profile for Agricultural Extension Instructors: A Survey of Views of Experts.’ Human Resource Development International 10 (2): 137–151] is described for the context of the West Gojjam Zone in Ethiopia. This was necessary because 10 years' time has elapsed since the development of the profile, new insights in competence theory have emerged, and contextual variation needs to be taken into account.

Design/methods/approach: Firstly, the competence profile of Karbasioun, Mulder, and Biemans. [2007. ‘Towards a Job Competency Profile for Agricultural Extension Instructors: A Survey of Views of Experts.’ Human Resource Development International 10 (2): 137–151] was adjusted through a line-by-line conceptual analysis. Secondly, the adjusted profile was validated by 12 experts in a workshop. Thirdly, this profile was thoroughly discussed by four focus groups of DAs, each composed of eight to nine persons. Transcripts of the validation by experts and discussion with DAs were analysed using content analysis. Finally, the profile was further backed up by literature and member checks (which are done by experts in the field).

Findings: The study revealed validated competence profile for Development Agents (DAs) with 4 competence clusters and 15 underlying competencies for the Ethiopian context: knowledge on adult education, extension management, communication, and professional ethics, among others.

Practical Implications: DAs' recruitment and selection, performance evaluation, and training programmes can be developed using this new competence profile.

Theoretical Implications: This study confirms the context-bound, indivisible, interrelated, and developmental nature of competencies which refutes the behaviouristic-functionalistic conceptualization of them.

Originality/value: This contribution is a contextual variation and update of the study of Karbasioun, Mulder, and Biemans. [2007. ‘Towards a Job Competency Profile for Agricultural Extension Instructors: A Survey of Views of Experts.’ Human Resource Development International 10 (2): 137–151] and shows that different contexts of investigating competencies uncover different results.

KEYWORDS:

• Competence theory
• competence research
• agricultural development
• Development Agents (DAs)
• Ethiopia
• West Gojjam

Acknowledgement

We are very grateful for Woreda Experts and Development Agents who actively participated in this study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes on contributors

Chalachew Tarekegne is Lecturer at Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia. Currently, he is a PhD student at Education and Competence Studies Group, Department of Social Sciences, Education and Competence Studies Group, Wageningen University.

Renate Wesselink is Associate Professor at Education and Competence Studies Group, Department of Social Sciences, Education and Competence Studies Group, Wageningen University.

Harm J. A. Biemans is Associate Professor at Education and Competence Studies Group, Department of Social Sciences, Education and Competence Studies Group, Wageningen University.

Martin Mulder is Professor at Education and Competence Studies Group, Department of Social Sciences, Education and Competence Studies Group, Wageningen University.

ORCID

Chalachew Tarekegne http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8677-8571

Additional information

Funding

We would also like to present our appreciations to the Netherlands Fellowship Program (NUFFIC) for financing this research project. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily reflect that of the funder.