Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the main potentials of the mining industry in Brazil and its challenges. Although the country is well endowed with mineral resources, some of these are unexploited due to several factors, e.g. an economic unstabili-ty that prevailed in the last decades, adverse international market, and counteracting legislation changes occurred in 1988. The authors review some of the main challenges for the mineral industry to overcome. This paper was presented to the First International Symposium on Mining & Development, July 1995, Campinas, Brazil.