Abstract
An ever more crucial question is how to render the benefits which mining brings, while minimizing or mitigating the environmental costs. In this paper Kathleen Anderson examines what the barriers and opportunities are for governments considering privatization of their State-owned mining interests. Kathleen Anderson proposes a set of conditions against which to measure the potential success of policies designed to achieve sus-tainability in mining and concludes with a discussion of the barriers, obstacles, opportunities, and risks in regimes considering privatization of mining.