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Teaching Occupation

19th & 20th century educational reforms arising in Europe, the United Kingdom, and the Americas: Inspiration for occupational science?

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ABSTRACT

Global leaders have called on professionals and scientists in every field to make justice and human rights central to education and professional practice. With a commitment to respond to this call, we are asking: What could occupational scientists learn about justice and human rights from educational reformers? In response, we argue that the work of some 19th and 20th century educational reformers in Europe, the United Kingdom, and the Americas could inspire new insights in today’s occupational scientists with interests in occupational justice and occupational rights. We briefly profile the work of Philip Magnus, John Dewey, Octavia Hill, Maria Montessori, Eduard Lindeman, and Thomas Kidner and go on to discuss the resonance between educational reform efforts and occupational science interests in social and economic inequities and occupational engagement. We conclude with recommendations for occupational science research and education, drawing inspiration from past and present educational reformers.

世界级领导人呼吁,各个领域的专业人士和科学家在教育和专业实践方面应以司法和人权为中心。为承诺这一号召,大家都在问:休闲科学家在正义和人权方面能从教育改革者处学到什么?对此,我们认为,在欧洲、英国和美洲的一些19世纪和20世纪教育改革者的工作可以激发今天的休闲科学家在休闲正义和休闲权利的新见解。我们对费利普·马格努斯、约翰·杜威、奥克塔维亚·希尔、玛丽娅·蒙台梭利、爱德华·林德曼和托马斯·基德纳的工作进行了简单整理,然后讨论在教育改革工作和对社会和经济不平等及休闲参与的休闲科学兴趣之间的共鸣。文章结尾,我们力荐休闲科学的研究和教育,从过去和现在的教育改革者处汲取灵感。

Los líderes globales han hecho un llamamiento a profesionales y científicos de cada campo para hacer de la justicia y los derechos humanos los enfoques principales en la educación y las prácticas profesionales. Con compromiso a responder a este llamamiento, nosotros preguntamos: ¿Qué podrían aprender los científicos ocupacionales acerca de justicia y derechos humanos de los reformistas educativos? En respuesta, discutimos que el trabajo de algunos reformistas educativos del siglo XIX y XX en Europa, Reino Unido y America podría inspirar nuevos enfoques en los actuales científicos ocupacionales interesados en la justicia ocupacional y los derechos ocupacionales. Definimos brevemente el perfil del trabajo de Philip Magnus, John Dewey, Octavia Hill, Maria Montessori, Eduard Lindeman y Thomas Kidner y discutimos la repercusión entre los esfuerzos para una reforma educativa y los intereses de la ciencia ocupacional en las desigualdades sociales y económicas, además del compromiso educacional. Concluimos presentado algunas recomendaciones para la investigación en ciencia ocupacional y educación, inspirándonos en los presentes y anteriores reformistas educativos.

Acknowledgements

Appreciation is extended to Professor Clare Hocking for encouragement to write this paper after hearing our presentation on this topic at the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists Annual Conference, Winnipeg, Manitoba, 2014.

ORCiD

Elizabeth Townsend http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-2734

Notes

1. Positive, collaborative enabling (verb) or enablement (noun) is distinguished from the negative enabling of co-dependency (Townsend & Polatajko, Citation2013, pp. 130–133).

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