Going for Zero: A Comparative Critical Analysis of Zero Waste Events in Southern New South Wales

Abstract

Until the 1990s, one-way systems of waste generation and disposal were unchallenged practices of managing materials production, consumption and disposal. However, in response to greater awareness of environmental problems associated with waste disposal, practices are changing. Most waste management programs focus on waste minimisation through resource recovery, attempting to emulate natural feedback systems whereby materials are continually cycled. A number of organisations worldwide have adopted the goal-based concept of ‘Zero Waste’, setting a target of zero waste disposal to landfill. In November 2001, Resource NSW, a statutory body created under the Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Act, 2001, approved sponsorship of two ‘zero waste’ events in southeast New South Wales. This article, based on a comparative study of these events against a conventionally-managed event, identifies and analyses the role, value and environmental impacts of zero waste programs; attitudinal and behavioural responses; and the sustainability of ‘zero waste’.