https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7208-2194
![Sample our Engineering & Technology journals, sign in here to start your access, latest two full volumes FREE to you for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5933/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Engineering-Tech.jpg"})
ABSTRACT
The article discusses the challenges related to voltage and power management in automated intelligent photovoltaic (PV) systems. It suggests that Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative (FOPID) controllers can help address these challenges effectively. The research aims to create a highly adaptable and precise automated intelligent PV system that focuses on managing voltage and power issues. It introduces a novel approach using the Black Hole Optimization (BHO) algorithm and leverages the advantages of FOPID controllers for automation. The study also considers thermal models for batteries within the automated intelligent PV system and explores different options to handle voltage and power issues stemming from PV panels. It involves fine-tuning 15 parameters using the BHO algorithm and concludes that one configuration (Instance 1) is preferable due to its superior accuracy and scalability. This choice is supported by objective validation. In essence, your abstract is about improving the performance and automation of PV systems, particularly in dealing with voltage and power challenges, through the application of FOPID controllers and the innovative BHO algorithm.
Acknowledgments
The first author expresses gratitude to Mustansiriyah University in Baghdad, Iraq for their assistance in formal analysis, simulation, software resources investigation, and validation. No funding.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Authors’ contributions
All authors have made a direct and significant contribution to the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript. The Authors have given the same contribution to all the steps during the preparation of this manuscript. They have read and agreed to its published version. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.