Tourism and the Millennium Development Goals: perspectives beyond 2015

Abstract

As 2015 approaches, debates about the contribution to the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (UN MDGs) are growing in momentum. The aim of this review is to interrogate the potential contributions of tourism to the UN MDGs, specifically of poverty alleviation, and of how the relationship between tourism development and the UN MDGs has been framed in existing scholarship. It is argued that whilst the global tourism industry potentially can contribute to economic development goals in destination regions, its impacts are ambivalent so that there is a growing concern surrounding the local benefits of global tourism including support for realisation of the UN MDGs. To avert the risks in the Global South of tourism-led development, the industry needs to be clearly positioned as a potential tool for, not at the end of local, regional, national and global development agendas. Several promising research avenues for interrogating tourism impacts for UN MDGs are identified. Issues relating to greening of tourism, inclusive business models and backward linkages offer a powerful policy-relevant agenda for tourism scholarship to move forward our understanding of the UN MDG objectives, which were originally set down in 2000, beyond 2015.

Keywords:

• Millennium Development Goals
• poverty alleviation
• development
• pro-poor tourism
• sustainability
• inclusive business model

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Jarkko Saarinen

Jarkko Saarinen is a professor of Human Geography at the University of Oulu, Finland, and a senior research fellow at the University of Johannesburg. His research interests include tourism development and sustainability, tourism and climate change and the constructions of nature and local culture in tourism.

Christian M. Rogerson

Christian M. Rogerson is a professor, School of Tourism and Hospitality, University of Johannesburg. His areas of research relate to tourism development impacts, small business development and local economic development.