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Articles

Collective life: parents, playground encounters and the multicultural city

La vie en collectivité: Les parents, les rencontres à la récré, et la ville multiculturelle

La Vida Colectiva: los padres, los encuentros en el patio de recreo y la ciudad multicultural

Pages 625-648 | Received 31 Jul 2012, Accepted 25 Feb 2013, Published online: 03 Jun 2013
 

Abstract

For parents, the school playground is a site of daily intermingling—an important and yet often overlooked site of sociality. Yet whilst it is a space where common needs and experiences are shared, and where friendships and subtle gestures of familiarity are formed, it is also a site of ‘panoptic force’, where on-going conflicts over class, religion, race and competing interpretations of morality are played out and reinforced. This paper focuses on an ethnographic account of an urban multicultural primary school in Birmingham, UK, to argue that the playground, as a prosaic space of urban encounter, can open up a new set of discussions around segregation and the everyday (dis)assemblies of collective life. Attending to both the routines of daily school life and the work of a voluntary Parents Group that aims to address the challenges of living with difference, the paper details the fragile associations, friendships and mechanisms for social learning that develop within the prosaic spaces of the playground. As such, the paper (re)positions the playground as a site of productive sociality, ongoing negotiation and incremental change, which can work to counter anxieties around cultural diversity and challenge wider concerns about the state of contemporary multiculturalism.

Pour les parents, la cour de récréation de l'école est un site où on s'entremêle tous les jours – un site de socialité important mais souvent négligé. Mais bien qu'il soit un espace où on partage des besoins et des expériences communs, et où on fabrique des amitiés et des gestes subtils de familiarité, c'est aussi un site de la « force panoptique », où des conflits continuels à propos de la classe sociale, de la religion, de la race, et des interprétations en concurrence de la moralité se déroulent et se renforcent. Cet article se penche sur un compte ethnographique d'une école urbaine multiculturelle à Birmingham, RU, pour soutenir que la cour de récré, en tant qu'espace prosaïque de rencontre urbain, puisse ouvrir des nouveaux débats sur la ségrégation des démantèlements/assemblages de la vie en collectivité. En portant sur à la fois les tâches quotidiennes à l'école et le travail d'une association des parents des élèves qui a pour but s'adresser aux problèmes de la différence sociale, l'article expose en détail les associations, amitiés, et mécanismes fragiles de l'apprentissage social qui se développent dans les espaces prosaïques de la cour de récré. En ce faisant, l'article (re)positionne la cour comme site de socialité productive, de négociation, et de changement incrémental, qui peut combattre des anxiétés suscitées par la diversité culturelle ainsi que lancer un défi aux soucis au sens large au sujet de la multiculturalisme contemporaine.

A pesar de que para los padres el patio de recreo de la escuela es un lugar de encuentros interculturales cotidianos, este importante sitio de sociabilidad ha sido ignorado. El patio de recreo es un espacio en donde se comparten necesidades y experiencias comunes, y en donde se forman amistades y se ponen en práctica sutiles actos de familiaridad. Al mismo tiempo es también un sitio que posee una ‘fuerza de panóptico’, ya que en él se manifiestan y refuerzan aquellos conflictos en curso asociados a cuestiones de clase, religión, raza y a acepciones diferentes de la moralidad. El trabajo se basa en un análisis etnográfico realizado en una escuela primaria multicultural en Birmingham, RU. Sostengo que el patio de recreo de la escuela, en tanto espacio prosaico de encuentros urbanos, puede facilitar un nuevo conjunto de discusiones en relación a la segregación y a los (des)ajustes cotidianos de la vida colectiva. Se presta particular atención a la rutina de la vida escolar cotidiana y del trabajo voluntario de Grupo de Padres que trata de abordar los desafíos de vivir entre quienes son diferentes. Asimismo se detallan las asociaciones frágiles, las amistades y los mecanismos de aprendizaje social que se desarrollan en el espacio prosaico del patio de recreo. De esta manera, este trabajo (re)posiciona al patio de recreo como un sitio de producción social, de constante negociación y de cambio paulatino que puede ayudar a contrarrestar las ansiedades que emergen en torno a la diversidad cultural y que desafían las preocupaciones más generales acerca de la situación del multiculturalismo contemporáneo.

Acknowledgements

I am grateful to Ash Amin, Les Back, Rachel Colls, Jonathan Darling, Gordon MacLeod and three anonymous reviewers for their comments on various versions of the paper—all of which have made the paper stronger. I would also like to thank the school and participants for their time and the organisers and participants of the ‘Collective Life’ RGS-IBG session (2011) where this paper was first presented. Finally, I thank the ESRC for funding the research.

Notes

1. This account was constructed using material from interview transcripts that described the apparent segregation in the school playground.

2. Ofsted is the Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills, which was set up following the Education and Inspections Act. It regulates and inspects the care of children and young people, and education and skills for learners of all ages to provide annual reports for Parliament (Ofsted Citation2010).

3. These descriptions were taken from interviews and focus groups with parents.

4. The Extended Schools initiative concerns the provision of activities and services beyond school hours (DfES Citation2006)—presenting schools as both community bases through which other organisations could be affiliated, but as also necessarily providing a base of support for parents, including the provision of parenting classes and adult education as a top priority.

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