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Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Volume 20, 2019 - Issue 1
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Focus on Bio-inspired nanomaterials

Latest advances in extracellular vesicles: from bench to bedside

Tomofumi Yamamotoa Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan;b Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan;c Department of Translational Research for Extracellular Vesicles, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan;d Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JapanView further author information
,
Nobuyoshi Kosakaa Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan;c Department of Translational Research for Extracellular Vesicles, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence[email protected]
View further author information
&
Takahiro Ochiyaa Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan;d Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence[email protected]
View further author information
Pages 746-757 | Received 18 Jan 2019, Accepted 06 Jun 2019, Published online: 08 Jul 2019
 
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ABSTRACT

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membraned vesicles and approximately 50–150 nm in diameter. Almost all of the type of cells releases the EVs and circulates in the body fluids. EVs contain multiple functional components, such as mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), DNAs, and proteins, which can be transferred to the recipient cells, resulting in phenotypic changes. Recently, EV research has focused on their potential as a drug delivery vehicle and in targeted therapy against specific molecules. Moreover, some surface proteins are specific to particular diseases, and therefore, EVs also have promise as biomarkers. In this concise review, we summarize the latest research focused on EVs, which have the potential to become a promising drug delivery method, biomarker, and new therapeutic target for improving the outcomes of cancer patients.

Graphical Abstract

This article is part of the following collections:
BiomaterialsBio-inspired nanomaterials

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Practical Research for Innovative Cancer Control [JP18ck0106366] from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED.

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