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Articles

(De-)legitimizing medical professional discourses: evaluations from foreign English teachers in Japan

 

ABSTRACT

Utilizing Donal Carbaugh's work on Cultural Discourse Analysis, this study explores the intersection of language, intercultural, and health communication within the context of globalization by focusing upon foreign language teachers as migrant workers. As part of a larger study interviewing 49 migrant workers in Japan, this study focuses upon 10 specific individual accounts of Assistant English Language Teachers' (ALTs) medical encounters and interactions with Japanese medical providers (JMPs) in Japan to uncover: (a) discursive practices ALTs use to (de)-legitimize JMPs and (b) cultural assumptions ALTs expect of JMPs. In particular, three ways are uncovered wherein terms of talk between ALTs and JMPs influenced perceptions and conceptions of medical interaction in Japan. First, place was rendered meaningful by ALTs by using two interrelated terms: ‘back home' and ‘here.' Such demarcations operated to (de)-legitimize the medical professional's practices, procedures, and credibility. Second, construals of ‘good' and ‘bad' providers are highlighted as ALTs attempted to make sense of their medical interactions. Finally, the relationship between ALTs’ conception of space and place are considered in light of ALTs’ provider construals. Theoretical, practical, and future implications are discussed.

摘要

Carbaugh の文化的談話分析 (CUDA) を用い、本研究では、移民労働者としての外国語教師に焦点を当て、グローバリゼーションの文脈における言語交流、異文化交流、医療コミュニケーションを探る。日本で 49 名の移民労働者にインタビューする大規模な研究の一環として、本研究では、10 名の外国語指導補助 (ALTs) の日本における医療の場で遭遇した事象および日本人医療提供者 (JMPs) とのやりとりに着目し、(a) ALTs が JMPsを認めるあるいは認めないと判断する際に使用する談話実践と、(b) ALTs が JMPs に期待する文化的想定、を明らかにする。特に、ALTs と JMPs の間の会話の観点から、日本における医療の場でのやりとりについての認識や概念に影響を与える 3 つの方法が明らかになった。まず第一に、ALTs が「母国」と「ここ」という相互に関連する 2 つの用語を使うことで、場所が意味のあるものとなる。そういった区別をすることで JMPs の実務、処置、および信頼性を認めるあるいは認めないという判断が行われる。第二に、ALTs が医療の場におけるやりとりを理解しようとしていく中で、JMPs について「good」あるいは「bad」という判断が強調される。最後に、ALTs による JMPs についての判断から、ALTsの空間と場所の概念間の関係について考察する。理論的、実践的、および将来的な意味についても議論する。

Acknowledgements

An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Ninety Ninth National (USA) Communication Association Annual Convention in Washington DC, USA. The author would like to thank Drs Laura Black and Yea-Wen Chen for their initial feedback, support, and encouragement on this project.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

Notes on contributors

Nathaniel Simmons (Ph.D., 2014, Ohio University) is a Communication Faculty member within the General Education Department at Western Governors University, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. Correspondence to: [email protected]

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