Management of trees in northern Ghana—when the approach of development organizations contradicts local practices

Abstract

This study documents the local use and management of trees in two communities in northern Ghana and compares this with development strategies. Information about tree use and management was obtained through interviews, participatory discussions, and questionnaire surveys (n = 40). The woody vegetation was surveyed through 32 plot samples. In addition, 13 representatives of organizations and institutions involved in tree management were interviewed. The results show that tree products are widely used in the communities, and specific uses of 73 tree species were recorded. On fallow land, an average of 2,416 trees/ha was recorded; on cropped land, an average of 56 trees/ha was recorded. Trees within cropped land are mostly regenerated naturally, and farmers demonstrated knowledge and interest in tree management. The current development strategies poorly acknowledge the value to local farmers of indigenous tree species and the local tree management practices. More focus on improving management of naturally regenerated trees within the cultivated landscape is recommended.

Keywords:

• savannah woodland
• parkland
• agroforestry
• local knowledge
• indigenous species
• farmer managed natural regeneration

Acknowledgements

Our sincere gratitude goes to members of the case communities, Bugya and Yameriga, who warm-heartedly hosted N.T.H. and openly shared their knowledge and experience. CARE Denmark took the initiative for this study and provided finance and guidance. The members at Zasilari Ecological Farms Project in Walewale provided fruitful discussions and kind assistance. Finally, we wish to thank Dr. Joshua Adam Yidana and his colleagues at University of Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana, for assistance with plant identification.