The efficacy of executive function interventions in children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience difficulties in Executive Functions (EFs) performance. However, the efficacy of EF intervention needs to be further investigated.

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of different EF interventions in children and adolescents with ASD.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out according to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant databases including PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to November 2019. Papers included in the study have the following characteristics: randomized controlled trial or quasi-experimental design and published in English or Spanish.

Results

After the elimination of duplicates, 949 were screened. Among these, six were included in the systematic review. The main approaches for EF in ASD were computer-based interventions, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and assisted-animal therapy. Statistically significant results (p = 0.003) were found in using exergames.

Conclusion

Different approaches can be used for improving EF intervention, with positive effects on working memory, behavior, and flexibility.

KEYWORDS:

• Autism
• rehabilitation
• executive function
• children
• training
• systematic review

Declaration of interests

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Reviewer disclosures

Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Additional information

Funding

This paper was not funded.