Introduction

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Notes

¹Antonio Machado, Hora de España, quoted in James Whiston, Antonio Machado's Writings and the Spanish Civil War (Liverpool: Liverpool U. P., 1996), 134.

²In handling the memories of that era, the editors have grouped the contributions under the three general headings of ‘Cinema’, ‘Literature’ and ‘History’, each one an important medium of recollection in its own right. Where thematically appropriate, the division is blurred in this Introduction.

³Émile Témime, ‘De l'exil à la mort: le désespoir d'Azaña’, Arkheia. Revue d'Histoire, 19 (2007), 25–29 (p. 25).

⁴Paul Ricoeur remarks that ‘[w]e must distinguish between the retrospective gaze that we are casting now […] and the perspective of the people who found themselves in the situation’ (see Paul Ricoeur and Sorin Antohi, ‘Memory, History, Forgiveness: A Dialogue between Paul Ricoeur and Sorin Antohi’ [2003], 10, <www.janushead.org/8-1/ricoeur.pdf>).

⁵Ronald Fraser, Blood of Spain (New York: Pantheon Books, 1979), 458.

⁶José Machado, The Final Solitude of the Poet Antonio Machado (Memoirs of His Brother, José), trans. Armand F. Baker, <http://armandfbaker.com/biography_toc.html>.

⁷ Los años difíciles, ed. Carlos Elordi (Madrid: Suma de Letras, 2003), 240.

⁸The title of Isaac Rosa's 2007 novel ¡Otra maldita historia sobre la guerra civil! reflects this resurgence of interest.

⁹Angela Jackson, British Women and the Spanish Civil War (London/New York: Routledge, 2002), 153.