![Sample our Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing & Allied Health journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5944/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Medicine-Dentistry-Nursing-Allied-Health.jpg"})
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), which is endemic across large regions of Europe and Asia, is most effectively prevented through vaccination. Three-dose primary TBE vaccination schedules are either rapid (0,7,21-days) or conventional (0,28–84-days, 9–12-months). The second dose can also be administered at 14 days for faster priming and sero-protection).
Areas covered: We used a three-step selection process to identify 21 publications comparing the immunogenicity and/or safety of different schedules.
Expert commentary: Priming with two or three TBE vaccine doses was highly immunogenic. After conventional priming (0–28 days), 95% adults and ≥95% children had neutralization test (NT) titers ≥10 at 14 days post-dose-2 compared with 92% adults and 99% children at 21 days post-dose-3 (rapid schedule). Most subjects retained NT titers ≥10 at day 300. A single booster dose induced a strong immune response in all subjects irrespective of primary vaccination schedule or elapsed time since priming. GMT peaked at 42 days post-dose-1 (i.e., 21 days post-dose 3 [rapid-schedule], or 14–28 days post-dose-2 [conventional-schedule]), and declined thereafter. Adverse events were generally rare and declined with increasing doses. In the absence of data to recommend one particular schedule, the regimen choice will remain at the physician’s discretion, based on patient constraints and availability.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Julia Donnelly (freelance for XPE Pharma & Sciences on behalf of GSK Vaccines) for medical writing assistance and Susana Montenegro Gouveia for publication coordination (XPE Pharma & Sciences on behalf of GSK Vaccines).
Trademark
Encepur is a trademark of the GSK group of companies. FSME-IMMUN is a trademark of Pfizer.
Declaration of interest
C Marano and L De Moerlooze are employees of GSK group of companies and hold shares and options from the sponsoring company. C Schludermann and I Galgani are employees of GSK group of companies. EM Bunge and L Hendricks have received grants from the GlaxoSmithKline Group of Companies and which carried out part of the submitted work as a supplier to GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.
Supplemental data
The supplemental data for this article can be accessed here
Additional information
Funding
Notes on contributors
Ilaria Galgani
C Marano, EM Bunge, L Hendricks, C Schludermann and L De Moerlooze were involved in the conception or the design of the study. EM Bunge, L Hendricks and C Schludermann participated in the data collection. EM Bunge and L Hendricks also performed the study/project and all authors participated in the analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors had full access to the data, were involved with developing this manuscript, gave final approval before submission and are accountable for all aspects of the work.
Eveline M. Bunge
C Marano, EM Bunge, L Hendricks, C Schludermann and L De Moerlooze were involved in the conception or the design of the study. EM Bunge, L Hendricks and C Schludermann participated in the data collection. EM Bunge and L Hendricks also performed the study/project and all authors participated in the analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors had full access to the data, were involved with developing this manuscript, gave final approval before submission and are accountable for all aspects of the work.
Lisa Hendriks
C Marano, EM Bunge, L Hendricks, C Schludermann and L De Moerlooze were involved in the conception or the design of the study. EM Bunge, L Hendricks and C Schludermann participated in the data collection. EM Bunge and L Hendricks also performed the study/project and all authors participated in the analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors had full access to the data, were involved with developing this manuscript, gave final approval before submission and are accountable for all aspects of the work.
Christopher Schludermann
C Marano, EM Bunge, L Hendricks, C Schludermann and L De Moerlooze were involved in the conception or the design of the study. EM Bunge, L Hendricks and C Schludermann participated in the data collection. EM Bunge and L Hendricks also performed the study/project and all authors participated in the analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors had full access to the data, were involved with developing this manuscript, gave final approval before submission and are accountable for all aspects of the work.
Cinzia Marano
C Marano, EM Bunge, L Hendricks, C Schludermann and L De Moerlooze were involved in the conception or the design of the study. EM Bunge, L Hendricks and C Schludermann participated in the data collection. EM Bunge and L Hendricks also performed the study/project and all authors participated in the analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors had full access to the data, were involved with developing this manuscript, gave final approval before submission and are accountable for all aspects of the work.
Laurence De Moerlooze
C Marano, EM Bunge, L Hendricks, C Schludermann and L De Moerlooze were involved in the conception or the design of the study. EM Bunge, L Hendricks and C Schludermann participated in the data collection. EM Bunge and L Hendricks also performed the study/project and all authors participated in the analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors had full access to the data, were involved with developing this manuscript, gave final approval before submission and are accountable for all aspects of the work.
