The prenatal intervention of pregnancy complicated with anti-Kell isoimmunization: a review

Abstract

Since the first case of the hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) caused by anti-K was reported in 1946, the fetal diagnosis of K-HDFN has made rapid progress from invasive immunological and biochemical tests to noninvasive Doppler ultrasound and molecular biology techniques. However, its treatment, especially prenatal intervention, has developed slowly compared with RhD-HDFN. This review attempts to clarify the current key points and explore the direction of the next phase by systematically reviewing the development of diagnosis and treatment of this disease, which involving multidisciplinary participation.

Keywords:

• Fetal genotyping
• hemolytic disease of newborn
• intrauterine transfusion
• Kell blood group
• prenatal diagnosis

Acknowledgements

The author sincerely thanks Ying-Yu Lu, Li Ge, Qian-Qian Yu, Jin-Ye Lu, Ping Tang, Xiang Wang, and Ling Dong for their valuable suggestions in this article.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.