Abstract
Background
Due to physiological and hormonal factors, sleep disturbances are prevalent in the obstetric population. Multiple studies have evaluated the relationship between sleep disturbances and perinatal outcomes, with inconsistent results. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to further assess the overall relationship between four types of sleep disturbances (snoring, obstructive sleep apnea, extreme sleep duration, and poor sleep quality) and adverse perinatal outcomes.
Methods
We performed electronic searches in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Data in February 2019 to identify studies that assessed adverse perinatal outcomes among expectant mothers with sleep disturbances.
Results
In total, 5044 studies were identified in the initial search and 65 met the defined criteria. Pooled analysis showed that sleep disturbances were associated with an increased risk for preeclampsia (aOR: 2.77; 95% CI: 1.81–4.24), gestational diabetes mellitus (aOR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.62–2.38), cesarean delivery (aOR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.70–2.33), depression (aOR: 3.98; 95% CI: 2.74–5.77) and preterm birth (aOR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.55–2.45).
Conclusions
The four studied sleep disturbances (OSA, snoring, extreme sleep duration and poor sleep quality) during pregnancy were associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Expectant mothers should be advised to practice healthy sleep hygiene measures.
Acknowledgment
We would like to thank Miss. Wang Min, at North Sichuan Medical College for her assistance with preparing the manuscript.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Data availability
The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.