Cardiac function evaluated by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging in fetuses with congenital heart disease of ventricular afterload increase

Abstract

Aims

To study myocardial deformation in fetuses with ventricular afterload increase compared with gestational age-matched controls using speckle tracking echocardiography.

Methods and results

Eighty-nine fetuses were retrospectively selected from the pregnancy screen by echocardiography. There are 41 fetuses with gestational age-matched normal heart served as the control group, 25 fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD) leading to left ventricular (LV) afterload increase as group LVA and 23 fetuses with CHD leading to right ventricular(RV) afterload increases as group RVA. LV and RV fractional shortening (FS) were measured by conventional methods. The longitudinal strain (LS) and strain rate (LSr) were analyzed by EchoPac software. Group LVA and RVA compared with control group, the LV FS was no significant difference, but LS and LSr values of LV were lower in fetuses with LVA compared to the control group (LS:−15.97(−12.50,−22.52)vs −27.53(−24.33,−29.16) %, p < .01; systolic strain rate (SRs):-1.34(−1.12,−2.16) vs −2.55(−2.28,−2.92) 1/sec, p < .01; early diastolic strain rate (SRe):1.70 ± 0.57 vs 2.46 ± 0.61 1/sec, p < 0.01; late diastolic strain rate (SRa):1.62 ± 0.82 vs 2.39 ± 0.81 1/sec, p < .01). LS and LSr values of LV or RV were lower in fetuses with RVA compared to the control group (LV: LS:−21.52 ± 6.68 vs −26.79 ± 3.22%, p < .01; SRs:-2.11 ± 0.78 vs −2.56 ± 0.43 1/sec; p = .02; RV: LS:−17.64 ± 7.58 vs −26.38 ± 3.97%, p < .01; SRs:−1.62 ± 0.67 vs −2.37 ± 0.44 1/sec; p < .01).

Conclusion

The results of this study showed that the ventricular LS, LSr, SRs, SRe, SRa values were lower in fetuses with LV or RV afterload increasing CHD estimated by speckle tracking imaging but LV and RV FS were normal,which indicated the strain imaging is feasible in evaluating cardiac function of fetus, and may be more sensitive.

Keywords:

• Fetal congenital heart disease
• two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging
• tissue Doppler
• cardiac function

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31960133 to Zhiling Luo).