Total flavonoid content in varieties of Calendula officinalis L. originating from different countries and cultivated in Estonia

Abstract

Total flavonoid contents in the inflorescences of different varieties of Calendula officinalis L. were investigated. The commercial seeds (20 samples) of varieties of C. officinalis originating from eight European countries were cultivated in home gardens in two different counties of Estonia. Total flavonoid contents, determined spectrophotometrically (λ = 370 nm), varied from each other by more than three times (0.21–0.68%) in the investigated varieties. The variety with the highest flavonoid content was ‘Kablouna’, produced by the Finnish company Siemen (0.68%). Other varieties with high flavonoid content, such as ‘Touch of Red’ produced by the Latvian company Kurzemes Seklas (0.55%), ‘Golden Emperor’ produced by the Finnish company Suvipiha (0.50%), ‘Pomyk’ from Poland (0.50%), etc., may also be preferred for cultivation as natural sources, as they are also rich in flavonoids. The amount of total flavonoids depends on the variety and/or the place and time of cultivation. There appeared to be no conclusive relationship between the total flavonoid content and the colour of ligulate and tubular florets of C. officinalis.

Keywords:

• Calendula officinalis
• flavonoids
• inflorescence colours
• pigments
• pot marigold
• varieties

Acknowledgements

The authors thank students Reelika Must and Piret Kontse for providing help in the laboratory.