A new butenolide cinnamate and other biological active chemical constituents from Polygonum glabrum

Abstract

Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Polygonum glabrum afforded one new natural product ( − )-2-methoxy-2-butenolide-3-cinnamate (1) along with six known compounds, β-hydroxyfriedalanol (2), 3-hydroxy-5-methoxystilbene (3), ( − ) pinocembrin (4), sitosterol-(6′-O-palmitoyl)-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (5), ( − ) pinocembrin-5-methyl ether (6) and sitosterol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (7). Compound 1 showed promising in vitro anti-HIV-1 activity against primary isolates HIV-1_UG070 (X4, subtype D) and HIV-1_VB59 (R5, subtype C) assayed using TZM-bl cell line with IC₅₀ in the range of 15.68–22.43 μg/mL. The extract showed TI in the range of 19.19–27.37 with IC₅₀ in the range of 10.90–15.55 μg/mL. Compounds 1, 3 and 4 exhibited in vitro anti-mycobacterium activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra with IC₅₀ values of 1.43, 3.33 and 1.11 μg/mL in dormant phase and 2.27, 3.33 and 1.21 μg/mL in active phase, respectively. Compound 4 was found to be the most active antiproliferative with IC₅₀ values of 1.88–11.00 μg/mL against THP-1, A549, Panc-1, HeLa and MCF7 cell lines.

Keywords::

• Polygonum glabrum
• anti-HIV-1
• anti-mycobacterium
• antiproliferative
• phytochemicals
• Polygonaceae

Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. P. Tetali, NGCPR, Shirwal, Satara, for assistance in identifying P. glabrum.

Additional information

Funding

We are thankful to DBT-ICMR for their financial support to carry out the research.