Cytotoxic activity of steroidal glycosides from the aerial parts of Solanum torvum collected in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam

Abstract

A phytochemical investigation of Solanum torvum led to the isolation of eleven steroidal glycosides, including neochlorogenin 6-O-β-D-quinovopyranoside (1), (22 R,23S,25R)-3β-6α,23-trihydroxy-5α-spirostane 6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranoside (2), neochlorogenin 6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranoside (3), solagenin 6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranoside (4), paniculonin A (5), paniculonin B (6), 6α-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)β-D-quinovopyranosyl]-(25S)-5α-spirostan-3β-ol (7), torvoside J (8), torvoside K (9), torvoside L (10) and solagenin 6-O-β-D-quinovopyranoside (11). Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR data as well as comparison with the data reported in the literature. Moreover, all isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against SK-LU-1, HepG2, MCF-7 and T24 cancer cell lines. Among them, compounds 1, 3, 7 and 11 exhibited cytotoxicity against all four tested cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 7.89 ± 0.87 to 46.76 ± 3.88 µM.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Solanum torvum
• steroid
• steroidal glycoside
• cytotoxic activity

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This research is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number 104.01-2018.321.