Phytochemical constituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Kumaun Himalayan Hoop Pine bark extract

Abstract

The chemical composition of the methanol extract obtained from Araucaria cunninghamii Sweet. bark was determined by GC-MS analysis with its antioxidant and antibacterial potential, for the first time. A total of 73 compounds were identified and the extract was strongly characterised by Viridiflorene; Androstan-17-one, 3-ethyl-3-hydroxy-, (5α)-; 8-Isopropenyl-1,3,3,7-tetramethyl-bicyclo[5.1.0]oct-5-en-2-one; 3,6,9-Triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-tetracyclo[6.1.0.0 ∼ 2,4∼.0 ∼ 5,7∼]-nonane; Longifolenaldehyde; (-)-Caryophyllen-(I1); 2-hydroxymethyl-5-furfural; Methyl commate B; 3-Ethyl-3-hydroxyandrostan-17-one; 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid as the main components (55.39%). A. cunninghamii extract presents IC₅₀, 53.52 µg/mL and 65.29 µg/mL using DPPH and H₂O₂ scavenging assay, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the extract was evaluated for eight microorganisms showed that the extract had a remarkable inhibitory potential with a mean zone diameter of inhibition ranging from 09 to 21 mm. The methanol extract of A. cunninghamii showed significant antibacterial activity against X. campestris (21 mm, ZOI) with MIC and MBC values 15.6 and 31.25 µg/mL, respectively.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Antibacterial activity
• antioxidant activity
• Araucaria cunninghamii
• GC-MS analysis
• plant extract

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India for financial support under DBT- Foldscope project (BT/IN/Indo-US/Foldscope/39/2015) and also thanks to University Grant Commission, New Delhi for financial support under BSR (UGC-SAP) scheme.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.