Analysis of precipitates in ultrafine-grained metallic materials

ABSTRACT

In the present work, new possibilities of the X-ray diffraction for investigations of the phase composition, size, shape and volume fraction of particles in ultrafine-grained ferritic/martensitic steel and the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy have been demonstrated. For the first time, the method of X-ray diffraction in the transmission mode was used to identify particles with a volume fraction of less than one percent in the ultrafine-grained materials studied. The small-angle X-ray scattering method was used to estimate the size and shape of dispersed particles. Specific features of the ultrafine-grained structure determined by the X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy studies were used for estimation of dispersion hardening in the samples obtained by equal-channel angular pressing in comparison with the samples subjected to standard treatment.

KEYWORDS:

• X-ray diffraction in transmitted mode
• ferritic/martensitic steel
• copper alloy
• small-angle X-ray diffraction

Acknowledgements

R.K. Islamgaliev is grateful to the Russian Ministry of Education and Science within the project part of the programme for universities through project No. 16.2061.2017/4.6 concerning investigations of steels. M.A. Nikitina is grateful to be supported obtaining UFG samples of steel and conducting in them TEM studies by RFBR according to the project №18-38-00649. Investigations of copper alloy have been supported by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science within the framework of the project No. 16.1969.2017/4.6 (I.V. Alexandrov, V.D. Sitdikov). K.X. Wei and W. Wei are grateful to be supported obtaining UFG of copper samples and conducting in them TEM studies by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, P. R. China under grant BK20131144, the Priority Academic Programme Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), the Top-notch Academic Programms Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (TAPP), and the Science and Technology Bureau of Jiangsu Province, P.R. China under grant No. BY2016029-19.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

ORCID

W. Wei http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3502-6166

Additional information

Funding

R.K. Islamgaliev is grateful to the Russian Ministry of Education and Science within the project part of the programme for universities through project No. 16.2061.2017/4.6 concerning investigations of steels. M.A. Nikitina is grateful to be supported obtaining UFG samples of steel and conducting in them TEM studies by Russian Foundation for Basic Research according to the project №18-38-00649. Investigations of copper alloy have been supported by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science within the framework of the project No. 16.1969.2017/4.6 (I.V. Alexandrov, V.D. Sitdikov). K.X. Wei and W. Wei are grateful to be supported obtaining UFG of copper samples and conducting in them TEM studies by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, P. R. China under grant BK20131144, the Priority Academic Programme Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), the Top-notch Academic Programms Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (TAPP), and the Science and Technology Bureau of Jiangsu Province, P.R. China under grant No. BY2016029-19.